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Product Positioning
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Research Article Review and annotation -The Consumer Behavior concept is “Product Positioning”The article analysis assignments are used each week to expand and apply Consumer Behavior terms, application, or concepts using peer reviewed research articles from academic journals. These articles must report research the author completed in the subject area and be from the past three (3) years or less.
This assignment (the article annotation) extracts and summarizes the major points relative to a particular topic area that we have discussed. Use the following as a guide to your assignment completion:
a) Purpose of the study
b) Methodology of the study
c) The results – most important because this is the empirical evidence
d) Conclusions – least important since this is the author’s opinion
e) Recommendation for future research
The article citation must follow the APA 6th edition format using a hanging-indent. The annotation itself should be 250 words double-spaced.
Comments on Annotation: must be 200 words on the same article as above! “Product Positioning”Post your comment on your submitted article annotation. In your post, evaluate the selection of the article, the research conducted, the empirical findings, and the opinions of the author. Using this post, determine the type of project/research this article might support. The three sources you need for the comment section. NOT The article review and annotation.
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Research Article Review and annotation- Consumer Behaviour
Wason, H., & Charlton, N. (2015). How positioning strategies affect co-branding outcomes. Cogent Business & Management, 2(1), 1092192.
Purpose of the study
The aim of the study is to focus on the gap that is present between the product positioning in the market and its impact on co-branding when it comes to customer perception. Positioning influences the consumer perception of the product and increases the brand image in the mind of the consumer. This stimulates their desire to purchase the product. A lot of research has been done on the market positioning of a product with minimal focus on the influence of positioning on customer behaviour. In addition, the influence of positioning in the branding of the product.
Methodology of the study
The study employed scenario-based experimental design that focused on hypothetical co-brands that were created from the prevailing brand. The perspectives of positioning were conducted using the eight-dimension typology.
The Results
A bootstrap of 500 samples was conducted using the PLS analysis. The composite reliability of brand fit is 0.898 and product fit was 0.939. Contrariwise, the AVE figures were 0.814 with a benchmark for 0.7 and 0.939 with a benchmark of 0.5. Additionally, the positioning strategies have a sense of fit where the variance is more than 0.3 in the predictive relevance. Moreover, in the functional positioning strategies the product fit forms a central customer perception in the market. On the other hand, in hedonic positioning strategies, the brand fit is central in the customer behavior in the market.
Conclusions
The conclusion is that the post-alliance positioning of a brand is linked to the prior consumer beliefs and they are more inclined to the influence for hedonic positioning rather than functional positioning. Moreover, the brand and product fit are centered on the positioning strategies…..
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Demystifying Mathematics
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One of the key aspects of mathematics instruction is to instill effective study skills in your students.
Based on the information in chapter 6 of the Sousa (2015) text, answer the following:
* What types of study skills methods do you teach your mathematics students, if any? Do you use Barton & Heidema’s SQRQCQ? RIDD? SQR3? If you do not teach study skills, why do you choose not to do so?
* Discuss, in two paragraphs, the type of mathematics learning strategy you use in your classroom to demystify mathematics OR select a strategy from the text and explain how you will implement it in your classroom and why.
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Demystifying Mathematics
Discuss the prerequisite skills to learning mathematical concepts. Do you agree with this list? If so what experiences have you had that validated them? If not what skills will you add or remove from this list? Why?
Mathematics educators have proposed 7 prerequisite skills to be used in mathematics leaning process. The first one focuses on following the successive directions that are used in the calculations. This deals with identifying the chronological order in which calculations are conducted to make it easy for the student to duplicate. The second one deals with recognizing the patterns that are used in the mathematics. In learning mathematics, there is always a consistent pattern that distinguishes probability, arithmetic operations, and other topics. Understanding the pattern used in different areas makes calculations easy (Sousa, 2015).
The third one deals with formulating realistic deduction from a question with respect to amount, size, magnitude, and quantity. Additionally, the students need to come up with mental visual pictures. The mental pictures help one to personalize the problem which makes it easy to tackle the problem. The fifth strategy deals with proper space organization and orientation which makes the work clean. In addition, they ensure that one can easily detect a problem in their work as they have organized the workings from one direction to another. The sixth and last strategy deals with deductive and inductive reasoning respectively (Sousa, 2015)…..
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Situational influences of the Consumer Decision Process
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Situational influences of the consumer decision process
Order Instructions:
Research Article Review and annotation -The Consumer Behavior concept is “Situational influences of the Consumer Decision Process”
The article analysis assignments are used each week to expand and apply Consumer Behavior terms, application, or concepts using peer reviewed research articles from academic journals. These articles must report research the author completed in the subject area and be from the past three (3) years or less.
This assignment (the article annotation) extracts and summarizes the major points relative to a particular topic area that we have discussed. Use the following as a guide to your assignment completion:
d) Conclusions – least important since this is the author’s opinion
e) Recommendation for future research
The article citation must follow the APA 6th edition format using a hanging-indent. The annotation itself should be 250 words double-spaced.
Comments on Annotation: must be 200 words on the same article as above! “Situational influences of the Consumer Decision Process”
Post your comment on your submitted article annotation. In your post, evaluate the selection of the article, the research conducted, the empirical findings, and the opinions of the author. Using this post, determine the type of project/research this article might support.
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Situational influences of the consumer decision process
Research Article Review and annotation
Ashraf, M. G., Rizwan, M., & Khan, M. A. (2014). The promotional tools and situational factors’ impact on consumer buying behavior and sales promotion. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 4 (2), 179-201.
Purpose of the study
The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of the different promotional and situational factors that are used to influence the consumer buying behavior and the impact. The factors that are taken into consideration are the price reduction, social surroundings, free sample, physical surroundings on their impact on consumer decisions with respect to their purchasing behavior and sales promotion.
Methodology of the study
The descriptive methodology was used in the research. A total of 200 respondents were involved in the investigation of self-government in the collection of the data. The questionnaire was used as the data collection tool where the respondents were supposed to answer a set number of questions.
The results of the study
The results of the study indicate that the free sample has a higher and significant positive relationship when it comes to the consumer buying behavior at (t=1.184, P=0.020 and t = 2.821, P=0.005) respectively. Moreover, the physical environment has a high positive influence on sales promotion at (t=2.376, P=0.007). Additionally, the social environment has a significant positive impact on the sales promotion at (t=1.332, P=0.005). Finally, the sales promotion recorded a significant relationship with the consumer buying behavior at (r=4.410, P=0.005).
Conclusions
The research revealed that there is a positive perception among consumers when it comes to promotional and situational factors in influencing their decisions when it comes to purchasing products. The structure indicates new perspectives when it comes to comprehending the manner in which different consumers react to the promotional and situational influences that marketers use to stimulate their sales. Finally, the different promotional and situational techniques have a higher probability of influencing the consumer decision making when it comes to purchasing products or services……
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Nature and substance of 4 selected distinct policies
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Nature and substance of 4 selected distinct policies
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In a research paper, provide researched rationale for the nature and substance of your 4 selected, distinct policies. This paper is to be reflective of an academic research paper. The research paper must address the reasoning and/or rationale for the inclusion of the selected policy elements in a policy manual.
The selected policies must correctly address employment legislation pertinent to the stated size of the company (15–25 employees). In elaborating on the rationale, you may want to consider the following questions: Why should these elements be in a policy manual? What laws or principles mandate an organization follow these guidelines? What cases have established precedent for this issue to be addressed clearly in an organization’s employee policy manual?
Support your rationale with (at minimum) the 10 scholarly sources used in your annotated bibliography in addition to the textbook and the Bible. Remember, government websites and previous/current court cases are useful but will not be included in the scholarly reference requirement.
The paper must be at least 1,750 words, in addition to the cover page, the abstract, and the references page. It must be written in current APA format. Papers submitted with less than the minimum word count will not receive full credit in this area of the grading rubric.
Following are some examples of HR policy topics. These are only examples. You may identify/select other topics that would be relevant and appropriate for a general employee policy manual/handbook.
Dress Code
Technology Use
Code of Conduct
Confidentiality
Harassment
Benefits (This can be more specific to areas such as paid time off, health care benefits, and so forth.)
Training Opportunities/Expectations
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Nature and substance of 4 selected distinct policies
Topic 1 – Dress code policies
Most organizations operate in a formal environment and have a given image they need to maintain. Therefore, the company requires a set of rules that act as guidelines for the mode of dressing for the members of staff. The application of such guidelines and their inclusion into the policy manual of the organization. While such policies apply to all employees in the organization, they are of utmost importance to the front line workers who interact with the customers and are a major representation of the image of the firm.
Rationale and reasoning behind the inclusion of dress code policies in the policy manual
Organizations implement dress code policies in their policy manuals for a number of varying reasons. Key among these is the need for uniformity at the firm (Karl, Peluchette, & Hall, 2016), the decision to portray a given image, and the need for efficiency within the firm (Raj, Khattar, & Nagpal, 2017). Research shows that there is a positive correlation between the mode of dressing and the performance at the workplace (Karl, Hall, & Peluchette, 2013; Raj, Khattar, & Nagpal, 2017). This is a major reason behind the implementation of dress code policies, where a dress code that is both formal and includes an allowance for a casual approach. Such a policy mainly addresses areas of work where comfort is crucial and improves the efficiency of work done.
Laws and principles that mandate the organization to follow the dress code principle
Various statutory requirements provide additional guidelines for the dress code at the workplace. A number of legal constraints may prevent the installation of certain rules in various jurisdictions. For example, the clear distinction between the dresses and roles for male and female employees may cause a problem within some jurisdictions. In areas where laws protecting the rights of the LGBT community are in place, the organization might have to reduce its stance on such differences (Yılmaz & Göçmen, 2016; Jones, 2013).
Matters of culture, race, and religion also play a role in the development of such policies within the workplace, such as the example of Muslim women rights and freedoms at work (Harrison, 2016). In such scenarios, the organization has the mandate to alter and precisely follow all guidelines that address the dress code in the workplace.
Cases that established precedence for the clear addressing of the issue in the policy manual
Various decisions by the courts have set precedence over some issues regarding dressing at the workplace. For instance, some courts have repelled the need for workers at casinos and various department stores to wear company insignias and other additional paraphernalia.
The courts in the ninth and sixth circuits banned various insignia on the uniforms assigned to workers based on four new rules as per Mitchell, Koen, and Darden (2014). In addition, Carroll v Talman Federal Savings and Loan Association of Chicago, and Lanigan v Bartlett and Co. Grain set precedence for issues of neutrality in dress code as regards to religion and gender (Mitchell, Koen, & Darden, 2014).
Topic 2 – Code of conduct policies
The moral and ethical concerns of a given organization should be contained within the guiding framework of the code of conduct policy of the firm. These provide the rules and recommendations about the moral conduct of the staff, as well as the ethical guidelines limiting certain forms of activity within the firm. Different firms, depending on their industry and fields of operation make use of different models in the creation of their code of conduct policies within their policy manual.
Rationale and reasoning behind the inclusion of code of conduct policy in the policy manual
The manner in which the employees of an organization conduct themselves is a pointer to the ethical and moral standpoint of the firm. Therefore, an organization should have a set of code of conduct policies within their policy manual. These policies act as guidelines for the employees on how the organization expects them to conduct themselves since they are the main representatives of the firm.
Customers and other members of the public view the actions of the individual members of staff as part of the firm. In this light, various lawsuits against individuals have resulted to pulling the company in as part to the accusations. The inclusion of the code of conduct policy, however, is not only for the purposes of avoiding embarrassing scenarios and mitigating against litigation, but also for training, and improvement of performance within the organization (Manroop, Singh, & Ezzedeen, 2014).
Laws and principles that mandate the organization to follow the code of conduct principles
In order to curb the growing nuisance of managerial misconduct influenced by the lack of ethical standards, the implementation of the Sarbanes Oxley laws came into play at the beginning of the 21st century. The Sarbanes Oxley Act is among the main laws in the 21st century requiring a company to have in place ethical guidelines and code of conduct policies within their policy manuals. Organizations that intend to trade their shares either in the New York Stock Exchange or in the NASDAQ should have in place a set of business conduct and ethical guidelines as a basic requirement (Smith & Colvin, 2016).
Cases that established precedence for the clear addressing of the issue in the policy manual
In the case of Alistair Alford and Culture and Sport Glasgow, there was a ruling where the courts had to decide which was greater between privacy and accountability. In such a case, there were two elements within the policy manual for a firm that collided, and the courts needed to decide which would supersede the other. An appeal of the initial ruling made a case where upholding the code of conduct was paramount in the handling of the matter at hand. The courts found that issues of transparency held higher ethical standing than the protection of the individual’s data (Ferguson, Thornley, & Gibb, 2016)….
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Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Purpose: You will learn how to write a persuasive argument regarding an ethical issue.
Outcome Met by Completing This Assignment:
1. Identify ethical issues that arise in domestic and global business environments using an understanding of ethical concepts and of legal and business principles
2. Develop and evaluate alternatives to, and recommend solutions for, ethical dilemmas, taking into account ethical and legal requirements and the essential mission of the business enterprise
3. Effectively communicate to internal and external business stakeholders the complexities of ethical issues suggesting and analyzing various solutions in order to ensure appropriate business practices and accountability Instructions:
NOTE: All submitted work is to be your original work. You may not use any work from another student, the Internet or an online clearinghouse. You are expected to understand the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism Policy, and know that it is your responsibility to learn about instructor and general academic expectations with regard to proper citation of sources as specified in the APA Publication Manual, 6th Ed. (Students are held accountable for in-text citations and an associated reference list only).
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Step 1: Getting Started
A position paper provides a point of view and can be view as taking a side in a debate. What you want to keep in mind as you research and write the paper is that the viewpoint is yours but it is necessary to support your ideas, reasoning and conclusions.
Before starting, read the topic in Step 4 and lay out a plan for researching the topic. You will note that you have been given a few articles to get you started but the research you will do goes beyond these articles and must focus on identifying the ethical issue and taking a stance based on the ethical nature of the statement.
To present a fair and convincing argument, you will research and present the counterclaims to the position you take and refute the other positions.
Step 2: Read the articles below to gain a sense of the issue at stake. Research the issue further so that you are able to take a position.
Within this paragraph, provide a brief overview of the scenario. Then, provide a thesis statement and tell the reader the main topics covered in the paper. The introduction comes at the beginning of the paper and tells a reader the main topics covered in the paper. View this website to learn how to write an introductory paragraph: http://www.writing.ucsb.edu/faculty/donelan/intro.html
Step 4: You will write a position paper in response to the quote below:
To write a position paper, you will first organize and outline the counterclaims and your viewpoints on the issue. Be sure to frame the discussion to define the key points covered in the paper. Establish credibility by supporting the reasoning and conclusions using the course readings and your research.
Quote: “Water is not a right for all humans and; therefore, can become the property of a business.”
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Step 5: Writing Steps
Use the topic provided in Step 6
Gather sources using the library, the classroom and the Internet (scholarly articles). Make sure that you have information that supports more than one viewpoint.
Read the source documents and decide on a claim statement. The claim statement is the thesis of your paper.
Use the gathered sources to prepare the thesis.
Consider preparing an outline based on the steps provided in Step 2.
Identifying the ethical issue.
Present the counterclaims, your position on the counterclaims including evidence to refute the counterarguments.
Then, write your paper by presenting your position. Argue your position by making three appropriate reasons with at least two supporting details for each reason;
Lastly, conclude the paper by restating/summarizing the argument. Refer to the opening statements and main points made throughout the paper. Reflect on the importance of the arguments and conclude their development.
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Step 6: Proofread the paper for spelling and grammatical issues and third person writing as this assignment requires college-level writing.
Use the spell and grammar check in Word as a first measure;
Have someone who has excellent English skills to proof the paper;
Consider submitting the paper to the Effective Writing Center (EWC). The EWC will provide 4-6 areas that may need improvement.
Step 7: Submit the paper in the Assignment Folder (The assignment submitted to the Assignment Folder will be considered a student’s final product and therefore ready for grading by the instructor. It is incumbent upon the student to verify the assignment is the correct submission. No exceptions will be considered by the instructor).
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Preparation for the Assignment
Before you begin writing the assignment, you will read the following requirements that will help you meet the writing and APA requirements. Not reading this information will lead to a lower grade:
Read the grading rubric for the assignment. Use the grading rubric while writing the report to ensure all requirements are met that will lead to the highest possible grade.
Third person writing is required. Third person means that there are no words such as “I, me, my, we, or us” (first person writing), nor is there use of “you or your” (second person writing). If uncertain how to write in the third person, view this link: http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/first-second-and-third-person.
Contractions are not used in business writing, so you are expected NOT to use contractions in writing this assignment.
You are responsible for APA only for in-text citations and a reference list.
You are expected to use the facts from the case scenario paired with the weekly courses readings to develop the analysis and support the reasoning. Books cannot be used as resources for this assignment. The expectation is that you use of the course readings and that research is done on the topic. If any material is used from a source document, it must be cited and referenced and the page or paragraph number must be provided. A reference within a reference list cannot exist without an associated in-text citation and vice versa. View the sample APA paper to gain better understanding of how to use APA within the paper.
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
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Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
Should Water be Privatized?
Introduction
According to Nestle’s former CEO Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, water should be privatized because it is not a human right. This claim provides that individuals should not have access to water unless they purchase it from corporations-which should take ownership of all the planet’s water. This topic is of great interest because the statement by Brabeck-Letmathe has been faced by numerous criticism, with proponents suggesting that privatization would lead to better control of the scarce resource while opponents believe that privatization of water is a violation of human rights.
According to Brown (2016), the cost of bottled water continues to rise due to hidden costs required in the production and bottling of water, yet the same quality of water can be accessed from taps free of charge. They note that a global water crisis is looming due to the rising population and corporations are taking advantage of the rising demand for water to enhance their profitability. Nestle for example has been acquiring more water plants and increasing production of bottled water. Increased extraction of water by corporations could result in increased drought and monopolization by large corporations, thus leading to increased water prices.
Water is a human right and natural resource, whose commercialization would only benefit corporations at the expense of the population. Water is considered a basic need, hence the saying that ‘water is life.’ No human being, whether is capable of operating without water for the various needs including drinking, cooking and cleaning. Privatizing water would create a major wealth gap in the world by limiting access to water only to those who can afford.
This position paper aims at demonstrating that water should be treated as a basic right. To achieve this, various topics are covered including water as a human right, ethics of water privatization, enhancing water control through private corporations, customer exploitation by water corporations and the impact of water privatization on the environment and possible.
Counter arguments
Water is not a basic right
The first argument presented for privatization of water is that water is not a human right and that corporations should take control of the resource to promote effective distribution. According to claims by Nestle’s former CEO Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, corporations should control water resources, such that households would need to buy water. In this argument, water is considered like a commodity for which individuals would have to purchase in order to access (Gucciardi, 2013).
Refuting this argument, it is notable that water is a human right and every individual despite their financial background has a right to access safe water for drinking and domestic use. Water is considered a basic human need which should be accessed by all in order to promote survival (UN, 2017). Privatization would lead to corporations exploiting the business of water, thus making it unaffordable for common citizens, and thus denying them their human right (Murthy, 2013). Given the current shortage of water due to global warming, a further increase in price would be a hindering factor to water access across the globe.
It would be unreasonable to subject people to buying water through privatizing water resources, when it can be freely accessible. The utilitarian theory provides that the consequences associated with particular actions determine the morality of the action, such that the action producing the most benefits compared to harm are considered moral (Wireless Philosophy, 2014).
Taking the case of water privatization, the overall impact would be discrimination and poor wealth distribution because the poor would not be able to afford water. While privatization is thought to enhance the management of water resources, it is more harmful because it deprives the population of a basic need. Based on the utilitarian theory, privatizing water is immoral and thereby unethical.
Privatization can promote effective management of the scarce commodity
The second argument is that water has become increasingly scarce due to climatic changes and by having a control mechanism, this will ensure that water is better managed and distributed, thus avoiding wastage (Segerfeldt, 2017). To support this view, it is notable that a significant amount of water is lost when it flows freely into peoples’ taps and regulating its consumption would play a role in conserving water. Individuals would have to buy water and this would tame their consumption.
This argument presents a lopsided approach to solving the water scarcity issue. The solution should not be to sell water but to encourage people to conserve water through reduced consumption. The government could also ration water, such that only a certain amount of water is pumped to peoples’ homes per day. Limiting consumption per house would work better than selling water, which may sideline those who are financially challenged.
Argument
Water is a human right
Water is a human right and should be treated as such, with individuals being in a position to access water at any time without exploitation. Accordingly, the government must work towards ensuring that individuals have access to water and that availability is not discriminated based on income or background. The United Nations General Assembly on July 28, 2010 declared water and sanitation as human rights through Resolution 64/292 (UN, 2017). According to the UN General Assembly, access to water and sanitation constitute a basic need in human rights realization, such that governments and international organizations were called upon to provide assistance to developing countries to access clean, safe, affordable and accessible drinking water.
The UN recognizes that in the quest to meet millennium development goals (MDG’s), ensuring human right to water is essential and governments have a role to play in goal. By extending the right for corporations to own all water resources and sell the water to people, governments would not only be abandoning their role but also exposing citizens to human rights infringement (Murthy, 2013). Due to the high costs of purchasing water, the commodity would no longer be affordable nor sufficient, which qualities considered imperative to satisfying the human right to water.
The suggested cost of water by UNDP is less than 3 per cent of household income while 50 to 100 litres of water are required per day for every person to effectively meet their domestic and personal uses (UN, 2017). Accordingly, purchasing water would limit attainment of such goals to a significant level…..
Persuasive Argument on an Ethical Issue
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Rapid Math Tricks and Tips
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Generally speaking, most mathematics educators begin their journey into mathematics education because they enjoy doing math. However, as they continue teaching, the opportunities to do new or challenging math sometimes fade away. This assignment is an opportunity to rekindle your passion for mathematics—by simply doing math!
Part 1
Read through the table of contents in the Julius (1992) text and select two days that contain number tricks that are unfamiliar to you. Read the instructions and complete the practice problems until you are comfortable with the algorithm used. As you complete the exercises, check your answers with those in the back of the text.
In 1 page, summarize the algorithms you chose and discuss your thoughts during the learning process. * Was the algorithm difficult to learn? * What previous knowledge did you draw upon to help you understand it? * Did you enjoy the process of learning mathematics? Explain.
Part 2
Imagine you are preparing to teach one of the algorithms you just learned to a student at your particular teaching level (or a higher/lower level if you choose an algorithm that does not fit within your teaching level).
In 1 page, describe how you would explain the process of the algorithm to the student. * What prior knowledge would the student require and how would you tap into that knowledge to teach the algorithm? * What challenges do you think the student might encounter?
Rapid Math Tricks and Tips
Resources:
How the Brain Learns Mathematics (Sousa, 2015)Chapter 1
Developing Number Sense Chapter 2:
Learning to Calculate Rapid Math Tricks and Tips (Julius, 1992)
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Rapid Math Tricks and Tips
Learning new number tricks and algorithms
This section expounds on an assessment of the process of learning new tricks and tips using tricks from days 24 and 28 (Julius, 1992, pp. 151 – 154, 214, 174 – 176, 218 ). An explanation of the difficulty in learning the algorithms and tricks, the use of previous knowledge, and a review of the learning process are expounded below.
Difficulty to learn
The algorithms used in the rapid estimation of multiplication by 34 and 33, as well as the rapid estimation of division by 33 and 34, were not difficult to learn. This is primarily due to the structured introduction to the algorithm and the numerous examples in each section. In addition, the Brain Builder and example exercises make the learning of the new tricks easier.
Previous knowledge used to help in the understanding of the new tricks
Previous knowledge in several topics helps make the learning process of the new tricks easier. First, the knowledge of basic multiplication and division are instrumental to the understanding of the tricks, as well as their operation and implementation. Second, the knowledge of reciprocals is important and is quoted by the author (Julius, 1992, p. 151 ). A third topic where previous knowledge helps is estimation, which is important since the author teaches faster methods of the same.
Review of the learning process
The learning process in both exercises was quite enjoyable. The introduction of new tricks that help to improve on the time taken on mathematical operations is important for development and learning (Sousa, 2015). The use of previous knowledge in learning new tricks is also quite exciting.
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Essence of Good Office Communication
Your next writing assignment will be a background review and synthesis of the literature for the topic of your research-based report.
This assignment is designed to help you prepare for the final paper in WRTG 394. Keep in mind that your final paper in WRTG 394 will be a report in which you do the following:
define a problem in your workplace or community persuasively and accurately
propose a solution or solutions to the problem or issue
Steps to Take in Completing this Assignment:
Locate at least seven articles on your topic. At least four articles should come from scholarly journals or credible trade journals. You should use OneSearch through UMUC’s Library and Information Services or individual databases through the library for your research.
Take notes, perhaps by applying the skills from your annotated bibliography exercise, on each article.
Write a synthesis of the articles. The synthesis will be 1000-1400 words.
In your synthesis, you will group the themes of the articles. For example, if you have collected seven articles on the topic of paperless offices, you might find that three major themes emerge from your perusing of the seven articles: o common reasons for resisting the move to a paperless office o costs of transitioning to a paperless office o benefits of transitioning to a paperless office
Essence of Good Office Communication
Examples of Topics and the Role of this Assignment: You might write a report on any one of the following topics. Please note that these are examples of topics. You might not choose any of them. They are provided here to help illustrate this assignment.
a report to your manager at work suggesting that more teleworking options be given to employees at your workplace
a report to your supervisor at work suggesting that email be used less frequently for communication and that another application be used to improve communication.
a report to your manager at work suggesting that your office become paperlessa report to the board of directors at your townhouse community to argue that the playground area in your community should be renovated
a report to the manager of your unit at work noting that recycling facilities in the workplace should be improved
In any report of this nature, some background research is necessary. For example, consider the following strategies when collecting background research for the topics mentioned above:
For a report to your manager at work suggesting that more teleworking options be given to employees at your workplace, some research studies on teleworking would be very persuasive.
For a report to your supervisor at work suggesting that email be used less frequently for communication and that another application be used to improve communication, some scholarly literature or articles from credible trade journals on transitioning to alternative electronic communication would be beneficial. In addition, articles that demonstrate the problems with email communication would add to the argument.
For a report to your manager at work suggesting that your office become paperless, some scholarly literature on paperless offices would be effective.
For a report to the board of directors at your townhouse community to argue that the playground area in your community should be renovated, some scholarly articles or trade journal articles on the benefits of playground areas for communities, the benefits of exercise for young children, the effect of such playground areas on home values, etc. would be effective.
For a report to the manager of your unit at work arguing that recycling facilities in the workplace should be improved, some scholarly articles or studies on the challenges of and benefits to implementing recycling facilities in organizations would be persuasive. Of course, there are varieties of recycling programs. The articles you find would help define what type of recycling program you would propose.
Essence of Good Office Communication
Length of your paper:
As noted above, your background review of the literature on your topic should be 1000-1400 words in length. The sources should be cited throughout the paper in APA format and listed in a References page at the end of the paper in APA format.
You will find that your synthesis will be a helpful component of your final research-based report. In fact, if your synthesis is well written, you might be able to take whole parts of it and copy it into the final report. In any case, the skills and strategies you gain from writing the background review and synthesis of literature will be very valuable in writing your final research-based report.
Essence of Good Office Communication
Topics to Help You Come Up with Ideas on this Assignment:
Some possible workplace research topics are the following. These are examples to help you get started. Please contact your instructor to have other topic ideas approved.
Going to a wireless network
Going to a paperless office
Switching from Windows to Linux (or other similar switch)
Installing/upgrading company firewall
Establishing a drug policy
Establishing an employee leave donation program
Establishing an equipment donation program for used computers, etc.
Establishing a company recycling program (paper, etc.)
Education/retraining for your employees
Establishing a program for millennial workers (e.g., training on certain aspects of etiquette, on understanding other generations, etc.)
Designing a training program for workplace safety issues
Redesigning employee performance evaluations
Developing a work-at-home (telecommuting) policy
Developing a flex-time policy
Establishing on-site day care or providing other child care benefits
Providing gym membership or creating an on-site workout facility
Creating or revising a charitable contribution policy
Creating or improving a tuition assistance program
Accommodations needed for employee/s with specific health issues (for example, migraines)
Establishing a Habitat for Humanity (or other group) chapter at your organization
Essence of Good Office Communication
Some students have chosen topics outside of their workplaces, such as the following:
Starting a neighborhood watch program
Starting a mentor program at your place of worship
Getting additional lighting in the neighborhood
Changing traffic patterns around your child’s school
Starting a PTA website for your child’s school
Installing a tot lot in your neighborhood
Constructing a crying baby room at your place of worship
Offering ESL courses at your church
Increasing participation in a military Family Support Group
Introducing a youth sports program to a school or community
Essence of Good Office Communication
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Essence of Good Office Communication
Introduction.
An organization is an entity that entails groups of individuals with some level of relationship due to possession of common goals and objectives. In an organization, top management team inclusive of the managers and the executive’s officers who spend most of their time communicating to their subordinates so as to achieve the organizations’ goals and desires (Berkenkotter et al. 2016). Communication involves the creation of understanding or meaning among individuals in a systematic and continuous process.
The success of organizations relies on the personal possession of the appropriate office communication skills, in particular by the top management team. In our organization, there is a challenge relating to the observance of good office communication during managerial tasks performance (Cornelissen et al. 2017). The paper will aim at showing the essence for observing real office communication in administrative tasks performance of organizations based on the perspectives of different researchers. The aspect of communications that are tackled in the paper with respect to office communications are; nature of communication, driving force, factors hindering and solutions in achieving success in office communications.
Nature of Communication
According to Holtzhausen et al. (2014), the nature of communication at the office deals with not only information exchange but interactions with people. The interactions at times cause barricades that present mistrust and confusion which translates to poor performance in an organization. Moreover, Ma et al (2013), agrees that the nature of communications is complex and problems are prone to occur.
The problem arises due to the inefficient observance of these communication techniques by the top management team during their communication with their subordinates. Contrariwise, Walden et al., (2017) posit that in order to resolve the problems. Proper communication acts as the initiator of improving organizations operation to a better state by possessing the appropriate skills relevant to the discussion.
Furthermore, communication at the place of work is ambiguous and pervasive. This ensures that there is a seamless flow of information that not only improves the performance of the organization but also relationships at the workplace (Ma et al, 2013). In addition, office communication is founded on the principle of togetherness that fosters a common sense of belonging among the members of organizations.
Thus, it reflects a congenial atmosphere that acts as the basis for a successful organization (Men, 2014). The researcher agrees with the views of Ma et al., (2013) that successful organizational management relies on effective office communication that establishes, maintains and dissolves cordial relationships within the group.
Additionally, Matos Marques Simoes and Esposito (2014), indicates that organization culture influences the values and beliefs of a group of people by their geographical location on the need to establish fruitful relationships among themselves and the society. There are various office communication techniques especially in written forms which act as the tool for performing managerial tasks regarding the nature of an organization.
Driving Force for the Establishment of Good Office Communication.
The need for establishing a positive correlation that caters for the well-being and especially for the support of the members during the performance of their duties and responsibilities acts as driving force for the proper use of office communication. It is not limited to the involvement of a certain number of individuals as it depends on the communicators’ ability to converse effectively and freely (Cornelissen et al. 2017). Members of an organization can achieve the establishment of good office communication by always building priority of communicating effectively and supporting each other.
The nature and quality of the communication content among the members of a particular group especially in an organizational setting dictate the stability of managerial duty performance. Managers engage in communication with their subordinates which later describes their relationship with their peers and which may positively or negatively influence the handling of various issues concerning managerial duties and responsibility (Walden et al., 2017). Therefore, the effectiveness of a communication process dictates achievement of real office interaction in an organization…..
Essence of Good Office Communication
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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax
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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax.
Order Instructions:
Capture this; I am against redistribute policy. I believe that redistributive is unfair to certain groups of people and it is unfair to another group of people regardless of their wealth. Income tax should be flat or proportions, same percentage for all. progressive U.S. current tax system gives negative incentives and discourages hard work. The government could support or give aid to those considered to be “less advantage” and not through taking other taxpayers earning. Sources to be not older than 2012.
How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax
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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax
Introduction
Taxation has always been used as a means for the governing body to earn for the purposes of provision of service to their people. It is a concept that has been there since long ago. There are however different methods through which the taxation process is carried out, income tax, value added tax and sales tax among others. This is all meant to ensure the sustenance of the social contract between the citizenry and the governing bodies. In the exercising of their taxing mandate the United States has come up with various methods that are meant to guide the process of taxation.
These methods typically need to conform to the values the society regards as ethical in order to gain acceptance among them. In so doing, the use of the redistributive system of taxation has been applied in the income tax collection. This system bears into consideration the amount of income and taxes in accordance with the same such that those who earn more pay more and vice versa. In the implementation of the same, the principle of equality was core. The taxation system additionally gives incentives to others by exempting them from taxation due to their financial situations.
Ethical behaviors and taxation
The rationality associated with decision making has long been considered as being due to the conscious and unconscious elements in our thoughts. The commitment of one to fulfill their social obligations such as the payment of tax has been premised on the principle of fairness where they are rewarded satisfactorily for their efforts (Chan, Wong and Wong, 2013). The same can be seen in taxation, in that those who feel satisfied by the services being offered by the government readily pays their taxes and are even willing to work harder in order to meet their tax obligations.
In the discharge of their taxation obligations, the government has made several rules that are intended to foster the principle of equality and social inclusion of all. The redistributive policy was thus implemented. This policy is meant to tax more for those who earn more and subsequently less for those who owe less. It is also coupled with certain incentives that are meant to cushion both businesses and individuals who earn less but have more social obligations.
The same is also meant to increase the chances of individuals in business as their risks would have been lowered by the incentive (Pastor and Veronesi, 2016). It is also meant to be a social cushion where the money saved by the incentives can be used in the performance of other social obligations in relation to the safeguarding of the basic societal provisions. In all this, the government tries to ensure equality and inclusiveness by giving the less fortunate the incentive for them to be able to provide for their basic needs.
All in all, the payment of tax is an obligation of every citizen and the incentives offered are meant to help the society by reducing their financial burdens so that they can be able to cater for their basic needs and also take risks in business ventures due to their skill set. It is therefore the general perception that in the discharge of their duty to pay tax, the citizens will be guided by their moral authority to fulfill their social obligations.
Negative impact of redistributive policy in income taxation.
The promotion of redistributive taxation and the progressive system in the imposition of the same has however led to the unethical behavior in many. This is because of the unfairness it has to the hard working Americans who toil to earn a living only to be taxed and the same used in supporting and offering essential services to those who do not work but wait on the incentives. This process of taxation is termed unfair since one is made to pay more for working harder. The cost benefits are classified as one of the factors that affect the ethical behaviors in people (Trautmann, van de Kuilen and Zeckhauser, 2013).
In the consideration of the same, the use of the redistributive system can be said to have negative implications in the motivation of citizenry generally classified as of the lower class in not seeking sources of income since they will be cushioned from paying taxes and yet receive the same basic services the others are receiving. The value of hard work and the utilization of the different talents will be diminished since preference is given to those with less as they do not have to pay but receive the services anyway….
How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax
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Responsible Management Challenge at Arcadia Group
Order Instructions
Identify one major responsible management challenge your case company (Arcadia Group) faces and then choose which one of the following corporate functions studied on the course you consider most relevant to addressing the challenge and why:- marketing,- HRM,- accounting/controlling, or- business information systems.
Analyse this one major responsible management challenge (in light of the company’s strategic business context) and make recommendations for how the company should address the responsible management challenge through the corporate function you have chosen.
Your recommendations should explicitly take into account the company’s strategic aspirations and the resource constraints it faces. You should clearly indicate and justify how these recommendations are practicable and realistic in the context of the company’s existing systems for addressing social, environmental and/or ethical issues, and how these systems could be further developed and changed to fully implement your recommendations. *The case company is Arcadia Group.*
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Responsible Management Challenge at Arcadia Group
Introduction
Responsible management is imperative for organizations that seek to enhance sustainability and maintain a positive brand image. Challenges however exist in organizational settings, which make it difficult for companies to maintain the required level of management efficiency. Responsible management challenges could be detrimental to an organization’s performance and hence the need to address them through the use of corporate functions available to the organization. These may include marketing, Human Resource Management, accounting and control, and business information among others.
Arcadia Group faces the responsible management challenge of effectively managing the pension scheme of the organization, thus compromising the welfare of its employees. The company is currently dealing with a pension deficit that has been growing steadily over the years, thus impacting its performance and reputation (Tugby, 2017). It is also a threat for the employees at Arcadia, who are uncertain about the payment of their pension dues, such that it could influence its staff retention capability and diminish its corporate image.
The pension deficit is not only an ethical issue but it could easily escalate into legal battles for the organisation (The Guardian, 2017). This is an indication of poor management of the company’s pension scheme, which needs to be addressed urgently to promote a positive company image and avoid such a scenario in the future. In this regard, the corporate function that can effectively address the challenge is ‘business information systems.’ A well-designed business information system can effectively manage the company’s pension scheme data and thus ensure that the fund is well utilised to avoid deficits. This paper discusses how business information systems can be influential in dealing with Arcadia’s responsible management challenge.
Discussion
In a business world that is highly competitive and where stakeholder expectations on businesses have grown considerably, maintaining responsible management is a paramount issue for organizations. According to Grant (2016) companies are more vigilant than ever when it comes to management practices, in order to ensure that they maintain high levels of professionalism and promote satisfaction of their key stakeholders. This means that when management practices are deemed irresponsible, a business risks losing both its reputation and trust from stakeholders. Arcadia Group is in such a situation, having been faced by a challenge in managing their pension. This has led to panic among employees and created legal issues for which the company is being investigated.
Arcadia Group’s Responsible Management Challenge
Arcadia Group has successfully grown to become one of the most influential companies in the fashion sector in the United Kingdom. Such a strong brand image calls for increased responsible management in a bid to enhance a company’s reputation. Arcadia Group however faces a major responsible management challenge emanating from the pension deficit that it is currently servicing. The pension deficit rose by £108m from 2013 to 2016 nearing £1 billion in 2017 (Pension Right, 2017; Tugby, 2017).
The Group has been making contributions into the fund in a bid to pay up the deficit. In March 2017, the Group doubled its contribution to £50 million per year so as to cover the deficit by 2026 (Bury, 2017). The pension deficit is an indication of irresponsible management of funds that resulted in the pension fund being utilised for other operational or personal expenses (Saville, 2016). It is a challenge which, if not addressed would lead to management problems in the future as the company fails to effectively pay up its employees’ pension when it falls due.
The company could either be forced to pay pension from its operational kitty or employees may not be adequately compensated. Sir Phillip Green who owns the largest stake at Arcadia faced a pension deficit case when his BHS chain collapsed, with retirement benefits among workers being slashed significantly in the midst of the crisis. Such scandals portray Arcadia in a negative perspective and could easily ruin the market influence that the company has built over the years.
Arcadia Group strives to maintain high level professional standards by engaging in activities that are in compliance with social, environmental and ethical issues. The Company also portrays its commitment towards employee welfare, ethical and legal responsibility through its Transparency Statement (Arcadia Group, 2017). The Statement which is based on the Modern Slavery Act provides that the company is highly committed towards maintaining high legal and ethical standards pertaining the production process, suppliers and employees.
However, based on this management challenge, the Group faces an ethical issue because it appears that they are not managing the fund effectively, which could be detrimental for the employees. As noted by Chance (2013), responsible organizations are expected to be highly concerned about the welfare of their employees and ensure that their needs are protected. Therefore, the pension deficit portrays the organisation negatively and could cost the company its reputation.
To address this responsible management challenge, Arcadia Group must develop a strategy to avoid such an occurrence in the future. More efficient management of the fund can be achieved through the use of business information systems as discussed in the next section.
Recommendations on Corporate Function to Address the Challenge
The challenge at Arcadia can be identified as a systems issue, where the company did not effectively manage the funds as expected. This resulted in a deficit as funds which should have been dedicated to pension ended up being utilised for other company functions. Accordingly, there is need for a system that monitors the pension fund to ensure that it is utilised for the intended purpose and that funds dedicated to pension are deposited into the relevant account (Davidson, 2017).
There is also need for additional control in the management of the pension fund, such that guidelines are provided on how the fund should be accessed, when and by who (RSM, 2015). The guidelines should then be followed strictly to ensure that future cases of fund misappropriation are avoided. The use of business information systems (BIS) is considered an effective remedy for the challenge facing Arcadia as this will ensure that the fund is managed more effectively. Through the use of BIS, the organisation can track the status of the pension fund at any time and thus ensure that it is being managed based on the set guidelines and controls…..
Responsible Management Challenge at Arcadia Group
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