Public Administrator roles Essay

Public Administrator roles
Public Administrator roles

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Public Administrator roles

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1. define public administration in your own words. Explain what informed your definition. How does your definition compare to other definitions you have come across?

2. Find a public policy that has been implemented by some level of government in the past decade. Explain how the policy you chose affected the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Did it affect one sector significantly more than the others? Explain why or why not.

3. Choose a specific example of a vertical relationship between the federal, a state, and a local government. How well does the relationship seem to function? Why is the relationship structuring the way it is? Is there anything that could be done to make this relationship more effective for the public the governments serve?

Public Administrator roles

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4. Give an example of a horizontal relationship between different levels of government in the U.S. What makes it possible for this relationship to exist? Has this horizontal relationship benefited the public more than if the relationship did not exist? Explain why or why not.

5. Research various oaths of office taken by different public servants (U.S. President, U.S. Congress, State officials, City officials, etc.) Do you feel that these oaths are sufficient to guide these officials in executing their ethical duties? Do these officials need additional codes of ethics to guide them? Why or why not?

6. Choose a public policy issue that has an ethical component. Use a code of ethics relevant to public administrators to frame an ethical position that would be appropriate for a public administrator to take on that policy issue. Explain why the code of ethics you chose is appropriate.

7. Describe a government project you feel was a success that went through a long range or strategic planning process. How important was the long range or strategic planning process for the success of the project? What could have been the result of less stringent planning?

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Public Administrator Essay Paper

Public Administrator
Public Administrator

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Public Administrator

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Topic 1 Public Policy, Public Administration, and Governing

Elected vs. Appointed Officials

Directions: This assignment will be divided into two parts. You will identify an elected official and an appointed official in your area. As an example, you may choose the mayor of your city and an appointed position would be the city manager. Finally, you will synthesize the information by using the literature to support your claims. You should list all references used at the end of each part as well as, in-text citations when needed. All citations must be in APA format.

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Part One – List an individual, their position held, and explain the role of that person plays in policy making.

Elected Official:

Appointed Official:

Part Two In 250-500 words, discuss the similarities in the policy making process of the roles listed above. Compare the elected and appointed official. Consider how each gain the position, the role of each, and how they can affect policy.

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Cuban totalitarian regimen

Cuban totalitarian regimen
Cuban totalitarian regimen

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Cuban totalitarian regimen

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Aristotle defined tyranny as an illegitimate form of government by one individual that tightly controlled every part of life and government. Adolf Hitler is the most notorious tyrant. Using a totalitarian society from the past or present, discuss how the state and its leader attempt to impede citizens from exercising their rights. In your discussion, explain some components of an “ideal citizen,” consequences of voter apathy, and ways the state controls the citizen.

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The Division of Power Essay

The Division of Power
The Division of Power

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The Division of Power

As we have seen through our readings, governments differ on where the power of the state should be held.Unitary systems concentrate the power within the central government and little or no authority is granted to the component areas. In contrast, federal systems allow first-order civil divisions to have some autonomy, while the central government maintains authority over some areas.

Take a moment to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of each system.As you answer this initial question for the week, provide country examples whenever possible/relevant. Connecting real-world examples to these concepts will help to make this a more meaningful discussion for us.

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Political sound bites

Political sound bites
Political sound bites

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Political sound bites

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*The essay topic revolves around the use of sound bites involving a political issue or related issues to determine either the opinion of the public (positive or negative) or the validity/lack of validity as a viable source to support arguments.

The essay revolves around soundbites..

*Please highlight each thing as it comes up

-Clearly identified topic. Highlight the whole topic

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-The closed thesis statement is easily understood by the reader. Please highlight the thesis

-The topic sentences directly correlate to the thesis statement and are presented in the same order as they appear in the thesis statement. Just make sure the topic fits with the thesis.

-The three support sentences tie directly to the topic sentence. Highlight them for me .

-References to the articles used for support are provided. Put them down and highlight them for me .

*The essay needs to have soundbites in it.

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Democracies Compared Essay Paper

Democracies Compared
Democracies Compared

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Week 3: Democracies Compared

I look forward to getting our discussion going this week. In political science, the study of democracy focuses on the definition of democracy, how democracy can be established/encouraged, what causes democracy, the types of democracy, the functioning of democracy, the quality of democracy, and more. These is really the meat and potatoes of political science, especially comparative politics. There are volumes of books and articles on this topic. Please be sure to provide a scholarly source for your definition of democracy.

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The Division of Power Essay

The Division of Power
The Division of Power

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Week 3: The Division of Power

As we have seen through our readings, governments differ on where the power of the state should be held.Unitary systems concentrate the power within the central government and little or no authority is granted to the component areas. In contrast, federal systems allow first-order civil divisions to have some autonomy, while the central government maintains authority over some areas.

Take a moment to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of each system.As you answer this initial question for the week, provide country examples whenever possible/relevant. Connecting real-world examples to these concepts will help to make this a more meaningful discussion for us.

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Democracy Essay Assignment

Democracy
Democracy

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Democracy

Part 1

Democracy can be termed as one of the most critical elements of governance for any country across the world. Democracy can be well-defined as the government of the people, put in place by the people, and is meant for the people (Raveloson, 2008). It can be said to be the only kind of government in which the will of citizens is reflected in the administration.

Part 2

There are two primary forms of government that will be the main focus in this analysis. These include the unitary and federal forms of government. It is vital to acknowledge that each of these systems has their strengths and weaknesses. One of the advantages of the unitary system is that it has a single and decisive legislature. The second advantage of this system is that it is more efficient in the utilization of tax money. In this case, there are fewer people trying to secure some allocation.

The third advantage is that it does not have the sophisticated management of the economy and government. One of the disadvantages, on the other hand, is that this form of administration has a slow response by the government. For instance, in case of an emergency, there are no quick response teams, and troops have to be called upon in case of such cases. The second disadvantage is that this government easily loses track of the local matters. The third weakness is that this system is quite divisive since everybody is forced to compete for priority (Heywood, 2014).

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On the other hand, the federal system also has its strengths and weaknesses. One of the advantages is that each county or province has its unique political, social and economic setups. For instance, the state of California in the United States has its issues which only the county government can solve. The second advantage is that this government provides representation to different populations.

For example, each state in the United States has immigrant and native communities which are represented by the government in representation. The third strength is that through the sharing of work between the central and regional governments, there is the optimum use of resources. The final advantage, in this case, is that federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. For instance, each state in the United States has its own political, judicial and social setups and policies.

One of the disadvantages is that the federal form of government is quite expensive to run since there are more representatives elected to various positions. This consequently leads to the overlapping of roles. The second weakness is that this government leads to unwarranted competition between multiple regions. The third shortcoming is that it promotes regional imbalances including industrialization, natural resources, and employment opportunities.

References

Heywood, A. (2014). Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Raveloson, A., J., (2008) What is Democracy, 1(1), 1-23

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Are you an Informed Voter?

Becoming an Informed Voter
Becoming an Informed Voter

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Are you an Informed Voter?

Introduction

The 3rd congressional district in the state of Marylandconsists of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Howard and other considerable parts of the independent city of Baltimore. Currently, Maryland’s 3rd congressional district is represented by a Democratic John Sarbanes. Some of the landmarks in this district include the Maryland Science Centre, Annapolis, Fort McHenry and the state’s capital.

Three previous individuals to represent Maryland in the US Senate include the former representative of the 3rd district such as the retired senator Paul Sabarnes, current senators Barbara Mikulski and Ben Cardin.  The 3rd district’s gerrymandering resulted from the support for a Democratic candidate in the 2000 and 2010 consensus. In 2012, the 3rd district was the least congressional district across the US (Barone and Cohen, 2013).                                                        

Consequently, the 3rd district is among the 61 districts that elected a representative to the first US Congress. It was initially included Maryland, Prince George’s County, and Anne Arundel. In 1792, the district was moved to comprise eastern half of Fredrick, Montgomery and Maryland counties (Pedersen, 2001).

Again, in 1853, the 3rd district was redrawn to include Baltimore County apart from western and northern regions of the county and a third of the eastern part of Baltimore city. In the 1860 census, Maryland was cut to about five congressional districts while the 3rd congressional district was extended to include areas of the Baltimore, which were not part of the district before 1863 (Pedersen, 2001).

Becoming an Informed Voter

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What is the recent political history of your district and state?

The recent political history of the 3rd congressional district is the most gerrymandered not only in Maryland but also across the US. The 3rd congressional district and Maryland the assembly is especially aggressive as well as creative. The assembly has been able to shift the majority of black electorates from Al Wynn’s majority-minority fourth district into eighth district, to expel the Republican representative.

Again, in 2012 the Maryland’s assembly removed the current.Roscoe Bartlett by cutting his district into a half while merging it to a prosperous, democratic neighborhood near D.C, which made Bartlett lose by about twenty, points (Barone and Cohen, 2013). Currently, the Democrats control 7 out of 8 House seats.

As a matter of fact, gerrymander issue has been exaggerated; Marylanders still uphold the law and voted for Barack. The 3rd district under John Sarbanes includes metro regions of D.C; Annapolis and Baltimore are the ugliest and least compact across the United States. Much as Sarbanes was not likely to lose the race, the recent amendments offered him a position to get hold of the rich Democrats from the county of Montgomery- likely supporters of the future senatorial campaign. Some Democrats were not happy with such a move that was as a result of Donna Edwards., a black congresswoman.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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How did your representative and senator come to power? (Thoroughly describe their backgrounds.)

John Sarbanes sought the Democratic nomination for the third district following a decade incumbent Ben Cardin, who forfeit the seat to run for the senatorial position of John Sarbanes’s father, Paul Sarbanes. The primary campaign involved Paula Hollinger the state senator, Peter Beilenson the former Baltimore City Health Commissioner and Oz Bengur the former Maryland Democratic Party Treasurer.

During the September 2006 nominations, John Sarbanes won with approximately 31.9% votes (Barone and Cohen, 2013). In the general election, his Republican rival was John White, the Annapolis, and marketing executive. Nevertheless, Maryland’s 3rd district is mainly democratic from 1927 and some expected that Sarbanes to experience challenges in the elections.

Furthermore, some allege that Sarbanes won the election following the popularity of his father, Paul Sarbanes, who was the representative of the 3rd district from 1971-1977. During November 2006 elections Sarbanes worn with about 64 percent, the White gained 34% votes while Charles Curtis McPeek the Libertarian got 2 percent. Sarbanes has been reelected four times without practical opposition.

Campaign funds

John Sarbanes campaign income in 2008 was about USD 1,012,936 and spend about USD 799,506 (Barone and Cohen, 2013).  His chief supporter was Veneble LL6; USD 38,854, a place he spent 18 years (1989-2006) for his legal career, which represents non-profit health care facilities providing quality care to Marylanders. Other supporters were Chesapeake Partners Management, Johns Hopkins University, Carpenters & Joiners Union. The main industries that contributed funds to Sarbanes campaign are interest groups, lawyers, health, labor and real estate.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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How have they voted in recent presidential and congressional elections?

Maryland’s 3rd congressional district held elections in November 2014 for US general elections. John Sarbanes, a Democrat, defeated his opponent Charles Long a Republican with 128,594 votes or 59.6 percent. Sarbanes also won the Democratic primary against his challenger Mathew Molyett. On the other hand, Charles Long won the Republic nominations against Thomas Harris and Michael Jackson. 

Moreover, in 2012 presidential election Barrack Obama, a Democratic candidate garnered majority votes in Maryland’s 3rd congressional district; he won with 49.39 percent against Mitt Romney with 49.31%. The state of Maryland is among the 21 states associated with the mixed primary structure. The parties have the right to elect who can vote in the primary and close the process to all electorates apart from those registered under their party.

Does your district have a long tradition of supporting one party or has it been changing in recent years?

Political parties

The Democratic and Republican parties are central political parties commanding huge following in Maryland and especially the 3rd district. Towards the Civil War, the Democratic Party drew a significant part of their ability from eastern shores and their enemies from Whigs, who were common across Baltimore. The collapse of the Whigs led to the rise of the Native American party, which viewpoint on anti-immigrant and anti-Catholics attracted Marylanders as they believed that their wellbeing was vulnerable to Roman Catholics immigrants.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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Maryland was the only state to vote for the presidential candidate of the American Native party. Nevertheless, declined remarkably and Maryland started to support the Democratic Party, electing John Breckinridge, the secessionist. In the 1970s corruption and peddling afflicted the main parties and in 1973 Spiro T. Agnew, a Republican and the Vice President of US during that period was accused taking money from individuals engaged in business dealings in the state especially when they were in Baltimore County and Maryland’s governor.                                                                         

In 2000, the majority of Marylanders supported the Democratic party, for example, 57% voted for Al Gore a Democrat, 40% for the Republican George Bush and three percent to Ralph Nader, the Green, party candidate. Two years later, John Kerry a Democratic challenger won 55.7% votes against Bush with 44.6 percent in 1994, governor election was a major race in the history of Maryland, Democrats won and reelected in 1998 and 2002 Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. a Republican was elected.

In 2000 and 2004, both Sarbanes and Mikulski, from Democratic Party got re-election. As of 2004, approximately 3,105,000 voters were registered, of which 58% were Democrats, 20% Republicans and 12 percent independent members. Additionally, the congressional delegation comprised of 6 and 2 democrats and republicans respectively.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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How do the interest groups (ADA, ACLU, ACU, CC or FRC) rate your representative and senator?

Interest Group

Some interest groups periodically publish congressional scores to assess the representatives as well as senators position on particular issues. These scorecards are mainly obtained from determining the manner in which member voted to how the group could have voted on a given legislation and provide a score to demonstrate how vote match up(Mitchell, 2007). This means interest groups rate representatives and senators in the way they vote.

Common awareness groups consist of the American Conservative Union (ACU) and Americans for Democratic Action. They stem from the conservative and progressive wings respectively. These groups give the score of 8 and the mean of every senator. Nevertheless, the scores are not independent. In most cases, senators who get a good score from ADA are likely to score poorly from ACU and vice versa(Mitchell, 2007).

When 4 progressive and four conservative groups are used, then each senator will score 50%, which is not interesting. To address this issue, it is appropriate to use progressive groups, since a legislator with a high rating is rather prospective, that is, they support every progressive project, and he becomes a liberal thinker (Barone & Cohen, 2013). On the contrary, a conservative senator has a low ranking, as such, against all ongoing projects.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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Table 1: Interest Group Ratings

StateSenatorACLUADACDFLCVNAACPNARALPTASEIUMean
MarylandPaul Sarbanes7810010010010010010010097
MarylandBen Cardin789089859510010010092

Political background Maryland and Senator Ben Cardin

Maryland is one of the first thirteen colonies that joined the Union in 1788, and it has taken part in all the 57 presidential elections. Furthermore, Maryland has been mainly “blue” state following the introduction of contemporary political parties during the period of Civil war. From 1960, Maryland has been voting for Republicans in the landslide such as Nixon in 1972, Reagan in 1984 and Bush in 1988. In 2012, Obama easily defeated Romney. On politics, there are two Marylands. The Democratic Maryland is multiracial and includes all socioeconomic groups stretching to parts of Washington and Baltimore metropolitan regions (Sheckels, 2006).

The second part is the Republican Maryland that is primarily rural, dominated by white community and conservative. It includes Maryland Tidewater and western counties of Maryland.   The early 21st-century Republican Party Maryland is not similar to the previous one, which was progressive compared to social and fiscally conservative Democrats.

Modern Republican candidates demonstrate policy standpoints of the party such as protection of property rights, Anti-tax, anti-government and anti-abortion. Republicans opposition to the dominance of democratic is not only deep-seated but also the degree of politics generated by this problem is intense compared to the present day history of Maryland.

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Cardin joined politics while in law schools and served in the Maryland House of Delegates from 1967 -1968. In 1986, when Barbara Mikulski, a US representative, declared to view for the senatorial seat; Cardin joined the race in the House of Representative and was victorious by a decisivemargin. He served from 1987 to 2007, an era he became well known for his efforts in social works such as health as well as other initiatives (Mitchell, 2007).

Cardin is known for his support for child welfare, the bill to expand child programs, health benefits and high tax credits for children. In 2005, when Senator Paul Sabres announced his retirement, Cardin joined the race, he was successfully in the tight contested Democratic primary and defeated his challenger Michael Steel a Republican. In 2007, Cardin assumed office and set the record straight as a liberalist (Mitchell, 2007).

He was considerably interested in the environment, enforced a law to safeguard the Chesapeake Bay while seeking to reinforce standards of clean water. Also, he is an active foreign policy fun and became a member of Foreign Relations in the Senate committee.

References

Barone, Michael; Richard E. Cohen (2013). The Almanac of American Politics 2010. Washington, D.C.: National Journal Group.

Estache, A., & Foucart, R. (2013). Benchmarking Politicians.

Mitchell, C.W. (2007). Maryland Voices of the Civil War. JHU Press. 548pp.

Pedersen, V. L. (2001). The Communist Party in Maryland, 1919-57. University of Illinois Press.

Sheckels, T. F. (2006). Maryland Politics and Political Communication, 1950-2005. Lexington Books.

Becoming an Informed Voter

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