health care technology – Best Essay Writers

Breast Cancer Screening Discussion

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Breast Cancer Screening

Why is breast self-examination being replaced in the breast cancer screening guidelines by mammography and breast magnetic resonance imaging?

Breast cancer screening is normally done to facilitate early detection. This is important as it saves millions of lives in the world. According to guidelines by the American Cancer Society, breast screening should be done regularly. One of the most common and most easy methods is breast self-exam (BSE). This method has been advocated for in the recent past as it enables the women have sense of control over their breasts. Research highlights that over 70% of breast cancers incidences have been reported via BSE screening technique (Mahon, 2012).

However, there have been critiques on BSE screening method; especially due to increased incidences of benign biopsy. This is attributable to low specificity and sensitivity values. The excessive biopsies are associated with risk of cancer, emotional stress and disfiguring of the breast. The guidelines also tend to favour breast magnetic resonance imaging as well as mammography over breast self-exam method of breast screening. Magnetic resonance and mammography breast screening methods have high level of specify and sensitivity (Morrow, Waters, & Morris, 2011).

What are the risks associated with breast cancer screening? Do the risks outweigh the benefits? Why or why not?

Breast screening is important, especially for the woman in the case study as she is at high risk age. Breast screening involves process that aid in detecting breast cancer at early stage. Breast screening is done using many methods including mammogram, breast self-exam, and magnetic resonance imaging among others. Breast screening saves lives by ensuring that cancer is detected early, and appropriate interventions are made on a timely manner (Morrow, Waters, & Morris, 2011).

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However, there are risks involved in breast screening. To begin with, it is vital for a patient to understand that breast screenings does not prevent cancer. Some of the processes are uncomfortable and is associated with mild pain. Additionally, some processes involve use of X-rays- indicating that patients are exposed to radiation, which could lead to side effects.

However, the benefits outweigh the risks; therefore, every woman should be encouraged to undergo breast screening. There are many things that cause changes in the breast tissue. Although some of them could be harmless, it if important to get breasts checked as there is a small chance that the changes ignored are first indicator of cancer (Mahon, 2012).

References

Mahon, S. (2012). Screening for breast cancer: Evidence and recommendations. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 16 (6), 567-571. doi10.1188/12.CJON.567-571

Morrow, M., Waters, J., & Morris, E. (2011). MRI for breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Lancet, 378, 1804– 1811. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61350-0

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Technology in the Perinatal Care Setting

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Technology in the Perinatal Care Setting

Health information system (HIT) plays an important role in the healthcare delivery system. Be as it may, leaders working in the healthcare system strongly support that information technology is the best strategy to promote patient safety. In the perinatal care, nurses apply the use of information technology in keeping health records, decision support systems, as well as medication safety devices that help in guiding service provisions.

The healthcare system is often complex and fragmented. There exist quite a large number of healthcare provides, a lot of models used to document and store information as well as different players involved in the system. As a result, it may lead to errors in patient care, miscommunication, increased cost as well as duplicative test. Therefore, the use of technology can help to tackle these problems effectively and efficiently (In Vlad & In Ciupa, 2014). For instance, electronic health records (EHR) can help in keeping information about patients in the perinatal care.

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Technology helps to facilitate interoperability in the perinatal care setting. Interoperability refers to the ability of a system to function as well as interact with another system within a specific background without any access or implementation barriers (IGI Global & IRMA, 2015). This is very important in the perinatal care settings, especially in the obstetric environment. The reason is that patient often changes venues for the care she progresses right from conception, pregnancy period, intrapartum, and postpartum.

Therefore, by use of health information systems enable interoperability between admission, discharge, transfer, pharmacy, critical care, laboratory, and the emergency room. Greater efficiency in accessibility of patient data: Use of technology allows faster transfer of medical history in a medical emergency when the patient changes the venue, healthcare center or even the doctor.

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Use of technology such as health information system increases work efficiency: With the ease of access to information about patients and the use of technology in the provision of perinatal care, nurses can focus on providing patient care. Nurses are also able to serve patients faster and thus improve work efficiency.

Use of health information technology also enables healthcare practitioners to have an all inclusive and up-to-date medical history. Health information technology (HIT) keeps three sets of records. These records can be grouped into, Electronic Medical Records (EMRs), Personal Health Records (PHRs), and Electronic Health Records (EHRs) which are essential for the overall health care of a patient.

Electronic Health Records are essential and can be shared with a different medical institution so as to give accurate, complete historical medical information of the client (Thomas-Brogan, 2009).

However, use of technology in the perinatal care setting has its disadvantages. First of all, it is quite expensive to acquire sophisticated health technology. This is challenging in the healthcare and organization should consider if the cost of high technology is economically viable.

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Secondly, technology in the healthcare settings requires time to adapt. This is because technology is a dynamic concept and keeps on evolving. Therefore, many at times there will be the invention of new hardware’s, software’s, upgrades and the way of doing things in the healthcare setting. Thus, the best strategy is that the hospital staff should keep abreast with such changes in technology.

Similarly, overdependence on technology may be a problem. This is because computer systems may face technical error. Such an error is crucial in an emergency setting and may result in loss of life. Therefore, Healthcare providers should keep a backup of all the information kept in the Health Information System for Emergency retrieval of data.

Finally, use of technology raises ethical and legal issues. Be as it may, patient health information should always be kept confidential. However, use of computer systems may result in unethical behaviors. For instance, people may hack health care system networks and retrieve important information concerning patient’s health information and medical health history. Therefore, it is essential to develop security measures to safeguard such information from being accessed by authorized users. This can be achieved by using different user level passwords.

References

In Vlad, S., & In Ciupa, R. V. (2014). International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology: 5th-7th June 2014, Cluj-Napoca, Romania : MEDITECH 2014.

IGI Global,, & In Information Resources Management Association, IRMA,. (2015). Healthcare administration: Concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications.

Thomas-Brogan, T. (2009). Health information technology basics: A concise guide to principles and practice. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett.

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Patient Master Index Essay Paper

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Patient Master Index

The Patient Master Index/Master Patient Index/Central Patient Index is a database that holds information of all patients with the hospital. The main purpose of Patient Master Index is to enable creation of UMRN and ensuring each patient is assigned to one UMRN. The creation of data into the PMI and update is authorized to relevant documentation clerks, laboratory clerks, and emergency clerks (Perera et al., 2011).

Creation of a health record file entails the details of employment clinic, eligibility office, and emergency department. The mandatory data about a patient that must be recorded includes their surname, date of birth, given names, address, and national identification number (Chaudhry et al., 2006).

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Through the CPI and A&E, patient demographics can be verified and updated because both can be used in the creation of patient medical records number, however the CPI is the only one able to update demographic details of a patient, while A&E can be used to verify. The identification and management of potential errors is achieved through the UMRN Inactivation/Merged in Error.

For instance, when there is merge/inactivation of an incorrect record, site specific procedures are implemented to deal with the occurrence. Consequently, all systems utilizing eSIHI data through interfaces will forthwith hold the incorrect data against the correct UMRN, and a script then shows the inactivated UMRN to the newly retrieved patient’s correct UMRN registration. The supervisor is then notified for subsequent approval.

Reference

Chaudhry, B., Wang, J., & Wu, S. et al., (2006). Systematic review: Impact of health information technology on quality, efficiency, and costs of medical care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 144(10), 742–752.

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Patient Administration System Essay

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Patient Administration System

Question 27

Upon the implementation of KKUH’s Patient Administration System (eSIHI) in May 2015, it was subsequently integrated with King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). This means that if a medical file number of a patient exists at KKUH, the patient also has a file number at KAUH. Yes, there is a global UMRN because eSIHI interfaces with other systems such as Xcelera reports, Dictation (via fly), PACS (Radiology), 3M, employee Health Record as well as medical sick leave.

Apart from KKUH, a 950-bed capacity hospital which uses this UMRN, this UMRN is also used by KAUH a 200-bed capacity hospital. These two hospitals use a Patient Administration System (PAS) known as eSIHI, which is integrated between the two hospitals meaning that it is possible for the two hospitals to share records when necessary.

Question 28

The Patient Administration System (PAS) used by the King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) is eSIHI, which was implemented in May the year 2005 and the hospital has no plans of replacing it even though any improvement plans may be considered. The hospital’s PAS, which is eSIHI is offered by the HIS company and will run on the software architecture of Cerner Millennium^®, which is a highly unified and comprehensive information management architecture.

Hospital reports are generated whenever required or periodically for monitoring purposes. The existing system has various benefits, and hospitals adopting this system will recognize several imperative benefits, including:

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Increased quality of care for patients: This will be achieved through elimination of errors by electronic order entries, which were previously caused by improper transcriptions or illegible handwriting, while physicians are notified by evidence-based alerts of potential complications associated to similar situations and medication interactions.
Improved patient information access: The creation of electronic health record that is integrated for each patient, allows vital health information to be accessed in real-time, including updated radiology imagery and lab results.
Enhanced operational efficiency: As a result of the on-time reporting offered by this system, it enables hospitals to be able to have greater control over the day-to-day operations across all the departments, while at the same time increasing efficiency and reduction of costs.

However, compared to the old system that the hospital was using, the new system (eSIHI) has a major disadvantage, which according to the staff through the old system they were able to know whether a patient has died or not, but with the new system it is not possible for them to know.

In the new system, information flows from the patient to the health record department to physician consultations, then diagnosis (i.e. lab or radiology) to surgical/dressing/radiology departments, then pharmacy and finally the finance and discharge departments. The new system is easy to use compared to the old one, and the access of medical records or information is by scanning the barcode.

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Voice Recognition Technology

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Voice Recognition Technology

The type of dictation system is Voice Recognition and it interfaces with Via Fly. This Voice Recognition type of dictation system was updated for the last time in the year 2009, and the type of reports it is used to produce are varied (Judith, Dictation Supervisor). In the transcription room there are five transcriptionists who work there, all female and should accomplish a set amount of work.

For instance, each of the female transcriptionists has to ensure that she finishes twenty five (25) medical records, and the productivity is controlled by the supervisor in the dictation area as well as quantity and quality of the reports. The Voice Recognition dictation system allows production of various reports that are subsequently dictated such as referral letters, discharge summary, medical reports, morbidity and mortality reports, consultations for both inpatients and outpatients, and death summary.

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The current dictation system has both strengths and limitations. Its strengths are: 1) it is most useful and there has been thorough familiarization among the transcriptionists with the system; 2) it is time-saving because medical transcriptionists are not required to spend any time informing doctors; and 3) copies of referral letters, medical reports, discharge summary as well as other documents can be accessed from the server at the medical transcription system and backup.

The limitations of the system include: 1) the system cannot be accessed or viewed by the medical transcriptionists while outside the hospital; and 2) the system cannot be accessed or viewed by the medical transcriptionists through Google Chrome or other efficient browsers, except only through internet explorer (Milstein & Bates, 2010; Moore & Fisher, 2012).

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The future plans with regards to the Voice Recognition dictation system is to ensure that there is implementation of a solution for medical digital dictation system, voice recognition, and operational interfaces entailing a Patient Administration System (eSIHI).

References

Milstein, J. A. & Bates, D. W. (2010). Paperless healthcare: Progress and challenges of an IT-enabled healthcare system. Business Horizons, 53(2), 119-130.

Moore, A., & Fisher, K. (2012). Healthcare Information Technology and Medical-Surgical Nurse: The Emergence of a New Care Partnership. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 30(3), 157-163.

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