ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN LAW ENFORCEMENT

Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement
Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement

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Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement

Order Instructions:

TOPIC: When Does Law Enforcement Cross Boundaries Between Ethical And Unethical Behaviour Towards Citizens.

1: Include background, development of rationale and justification of the position on the topic.

2: Incorporate the definition of Integrity: (pledge to be honest, just and consistent in word and deed.)

3: in the References please include U.S. Authors and two Internet Research. 

4: Please make sure the cover page and the reference page is not part of the 7 page word count.

Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement

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Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement

When does law enforcement cross boundaries between ethical and unethical behavior towards citizens

Introduction

The duty of the state is to ensure the safety and security of its citizens. This is done by the enforcement of the law through various means. In order to fulfill this mandate, the state has established several arms of the government to ensure that the detection, deterrence, rehabilitation and the correction of the said offenders are dealt with. Due to the delicate nature of ensuring that the laws of the land are adhered to, these agencies have strict codes of conduct that seek to guide and direct the manner in which their officers should conduct themselves.

The constitution, as the supreme law of the land sets out certain liberties that accrue to the citizens and which should not be violated at any given point for whatever reason by the government. These are found in the various amendments of the constitution. The case of the United States v Jones, 132S.Ct. 945 (2012) is one of the cases where the court had to step in to protect the rights of s citizen that were being violated in an effort to enforce the law (Iyengar, 2013).

In this case, the Supreme Court made a pronouncement to the effect that despite the zeal exhibited by the law enforcement agencies in the fulfillment of their mandate, the same should be done in such a way that the rights and freedoms of the ordinary citizens are preserved. It was found that the fourth amendment rights of privacy of the defendant had been violated by the installation of a Global Positioning System device in their motor vehicle. Although it was done in an effort to obtain information, the extension of the monitoring period ended up being construed as an intrusion in to the right of privacy of the defendant.

The importance of considering the ethical and unethical boundaries that have to be respected by law enforcement agencies in their quest to carry out their mandated task is that more often than not they infringe on the basic rights of the citizens they are supposed to be protecting. These officers are held in higher regard than the other professionals in the state because of the level of trust entrusted in them. As such their conduct both in the profession and in their lives are scrutinized to ensure that they are indeed capable of carrying out their duties to the satisfaction of the citizens.

Ethical considerations in law enforcement

In the determination of a balance between performing their task in law enforcement and respecting the principles that guide the same, law enforcement agencies are faced with an uphill task. This is due to various reasons, the main one being the resistance they face. In an effort to ensure that the law id adhered to, the non-cooperation of the citizens is normally a hindrance since the former view the latter as a group who are out to get them. In such a case, they employ certain tactics that tend to deter the law enforcement agents from carrying out their work.

A comparison is between the earlier mentioned case of United States v Jones with an earlier case of Katz v the United States where the right of privacy was held to have not been infringed because of an earlier consent that could be implied was proved. In the Jones case, the extension of the surveillance of the defendant was deemed as a violation of their rights to privacy despite the effort of the law enforcement agent to rid the streets of the alleged drug the defendant was smuggling.

During the training of law enforcement officers, certain values are sought to be instilled in them while still in the respective academies. Some of these values include the observance of the basic rights of the citizens. The understanding of the law is also part of the course they undergo as their mandate is to protect the same. However, more often than not, the officers are caught breaking the same laws in their zeal to ensure that their mandate is fully fulfilled. Instances include the conduct of arrest, mode of conducting investigations and the handling of the alleged law breakers.

This blurs the boundary between ethical and unethical behaviors towards citizens. Others also include the soliciting and acceptance of bribe as well as colluding with known criminal elements to aid them in their criminal endeavors. In their training, the officers are taught how to handle sensitive issues such as profiling in addition to being brought up to date with the latest technique in conducting their duties but without infringing on the rights of the citizens (Hess, Orthmann and LaDue, 2015).

Additionally the officers take oaths of honor before embarking on their profession is a requirement. This oath of honor pledges the observance of integrity and the honor to betray neither the badge nor the community trust. This symbolizes the officer’s commitment to ethical conduct during his service. However, there are cases where the said officers have been witnessed to use excessive force in discharging their mandate.

On such occasions, the levels of confidence in these agencies tend to be lower in the eyes of the public as their mandate was to protect the public and not brutalize them (Doherty, 2016). At such instances, the law enforcement agents cross the border between their ethical duty to protect and serve and instead become unethical by causing both physical and emotional harm to the citizens they vowed to protect.

The techniques employed by the law enforcement agencies in certain instances to contain situations sometimes surpass the reasonable force threshold and end up bringing violence instead of curing the same. It is at these instances when the officers cross the boundaries between ethical and unethical in their conduct towards citizens……

Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement

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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax

How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax
How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax

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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax.

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Capture this; I am against redistribute policy. I believe that redistributive is unfair to certain groups of people and it is unfair to another group of people regardless of their wealth. Income tax should be flat or proportions, same percentage for all. progressive U.S. current tax system gives negative incentives and discourages hard work. The government could support or give aid to those considered to be “less advantage” and not through taking other taxpayers earning.
Sources to be not older than 2012.

How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax

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How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax

Introduction

Taxation has always been used as a means for the governing body to earn for the purposes of provision of service to their people. It is a concept that has been there since long ago. There are however different methods through which the taxation process is carried out, income tax, value added tax and sales tax among others. This is all meant to ensure the sustenance of the social contract between the citizenry and the governing bodies. In the exercising of their taxing mandate the United States has come up with various methods that are meant to guide the process of taxation.

These methods typically need to conform to the values the society regards as ethical in order to gain acceptance among them. In so doing, the use of the redistributive system of taxation has been applied in the income tax collection. This system bears into consideration the amount of income and taxes in accordance with the same such that those who earn more pay more and vice versa. In the implementation of the same, the principle of equality was core. The taxation system additionally gives incentives to others by exempting them from taxation due to their financial situations.

Ethical behaviors and taxation

The rationality associated with decision making has long been considered as being due to the conscious and unconscious elements in our thoughts. The commitment of one to fulfill their social obligations such as the payment of tax has been premised on the principle of fairness where they are rewarded satisfactorily for their efforts (Chan, Wong and Wong, 2013). The same can be seen in taxation, in that those who feel satisfied by the services being offered by the government readily pays their taxes and are even willing to work harder in order to meet their tax obligations.

In the discharge of their taxation obligations, the government has made several rules that are intended to foster the principle of equality and social inclusion of all. The redistributive policy was thus implemented. This policy is meant to tax more for those who earn more and subsequently less for those who owe less. It is also coupled with certain incentives that are meant to cushion both businesses and individuals who earn less but have more social obligations.

The same is also meant to increase the chances of individuals in business as their risks would have been lowered by the incentive (Pastor and Veronesi, 2016). It is also meant to be a social cushion where the money saved by the incentives can be used in the performance of other social obligations in relation to the safeguarding of the basic societal provisions. In all this, the government tries to ensure equality and inclusiveness by giving the less fortunate the incentive for them to be able to provide for their basic needs.

All in all, the payment of tax is an obligation of every citizen and the incentives offered are meant to help the society by reducing their financial burdens so that they can be able to cater for their basic needs and also take risks in business ventures due to their skill set. It is therefore the general perception that in the discharge of their duty to pay tax, the citizens will be guided by their moral authority to fulfill their social obligations.

Negative impact of redistributive policy in income taxation.

The promotion of redistributive taxation and the progressive system in the imposition of the same has however led to the unethical behavior in many. This is because of the unfairness it has to the hard working Americans who toil to earn a living only to be taxed and the same used in supporting and offering essential services to those who do not work but wait on the incentives. This process of taxation is termed unfair since one is made to pay more for working harder. The cost benefits are classified as one of the factors that affect the ethical behaviors in people (Trautmann, van de Kuilen and Zeckhauser, 2013).

In the consideration of the same, the use of the redistributive system can be said to have negative implications in the motivation of citizenry generally classified as of the lower class in not seeking sources of income since they will be cushioned from paying taxes and yet receive the same basic services the others are receiving. The value of hard work and the utilization of the different talents will be diminished since preference is given to those with less as they do not have to pay but receive the services anyway….

How ethical behaviors can impact the re-distributive policy of income tax

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A Unique Ethical Issue

A Unique Ethical Issue
A Unique Ethical Issue

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A Unique Ethical Issue

Final Project – Phase 2: (30%)

Purpose: You will research a Unique Ethical Issue and discuss an ethical issue.

Outcome Met by Completing This Assignment

  • identify ethical issues that arise in domestic and global business environments using an understanding of ethical concepts and of legal and business principles
  • develop and evaluate alternatives to, and recommend solutions for, ethical dilemmas, taking into account ethical and legal requirements and the essential mission of the business enterprise
  • effectively communicate to internal and external business stakeholders the complexities of ethical issues, suggesting and analyzing various solutions in order to ensure appropriate business practices and accountability

Instructions:

NOTE: All submitted work is to be your original work. You may not use any work from another student, the Internet or an online clearinghouse. You are expected to understand the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism Policy, and know that it is your responsibility to learn about instructor and general academic expectations with regard to proper citation of sources as specified in the APA Publication Manual, 6th Ed. (Students are held accountable for in-text citations and an associated reference list only).

A Unique Ethical Issue

Step 1: Create the introductory paragraph

Within this paragraph, provide a brief overview of the scenario. Then, provide a thesis statement and tell the reader the main topics covered in the paper. The introduction comes at the beginning of the paper and tells a reader the main topics covered in the paper. View this website to learn how to write an introductory paragraph: http://www.writing.ucsb.edu/faculty/donelan/intro.html

Step 2: In Phase 1, you select a topic not specifically discussed in class from the Unique Ethical Issues lists from weeks 3, 5, and 7. In Phase 1, you wrote a brief one-to-two page paper that introduced the unique ethical issue that is the focus of research for Phase 2.

Step 3: Research

In Phase 2, you will explore the readings for the unique ethical issue.

Step 4: The Ethical Issue

  • Discuss the selected ethical issue topic.
  • Identify one common ethical dilemma associated with the ethical issue and explain why it is so.
  • State the dilemma. Choose two traditional theorists from week 2 and use their principles to explain his or her solution to the ethical dilemma you have presented.

Step 5: Traditional Theories/Resolution

Identify and use two of the traditional theorists identified in Step 4 to provide two resolutions to the ethical dilemma in accordance with the theorist’s perspective.

Step 6: Ethical Relativism

  • Define and discuss ethical relativism.
  • Are there any ethical relativism concerns with your selected Unique Ethical Issue? If so, what are they? If not, why not?

Step 7: The Best Resolution

Select the solution that best fits your code of ethics and explain by supporting your reasoning/conclusions using the course readings and research.

Step 8: Summary paragraph

Write the summary paragraph. A summary paragraph restates the main topics of the paper. Make sure to leave a reader with a sense that the paper is complete. The summary paragraph is the last paragraph of a paper and does not need a heading.

Step 9: Submit the paper in the Assignment Folder (The assignment submitted to the Assignment Folder will be considered a student’s final product and therefore ready for grading by the instructor. It is incumbent upon the student to verify the assignment is the correct submission. No exceptions will be considered by the instructor).

Preparation for the Assignment

  • Before you begin writing the assignment, you will read the following requirements that will help you meet the writing and APA requirements. Not reading this information will lead to a lower grade:
  • Read the grading rubric for the assignment. Use the grading rubric while writing the report to ensure all requirements are met that will lead to the highest possible grade.
  • Third person writing is required. Third person means that there are no words such as “I, me, my, we, or us” (first person writing), nor is there use of “you or your” (second person writing). If uncertain how to write in the third person, view this link: http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/first-second-and-third-person.
  • Contractions are not used
  • You are expected to paraphrase and NOT use direct quotes. You are expected to paraphrase, which can be
    learned by reviewing this link: https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/QPA_paraphrase2.html. You are responsible for
    APA only for in-text citations and a reference list.

Use at least 10 scholarly or credible resources as supporting documentation. Three of the resources will come
from the class readings. Books cannot be used as resources for this assignment. If any material is used from a
source document, it must be cited and referenced and the page or paragraph number must be provided. A
reference within a reference list cannot exist without an associated in-text citation and vice versa. View the sample
APA paper to gain a better understanding of how to use APA within the paper.

How to Set Up the Paper

Create a Word or Rich Text Format (RTF) document that is double-spaced, 12-point font. The final product will be
between 6-8 pages in length excluding the title page and reference page. It is important to write clearly and concisely.
Use the following format with headings:

Create a title page with title, your name, the course, the instructor’s name and date;

  • Introduction (one paragraph)
  • The Ethical Issue;
  • Traditional Theories/Resolution;
  • Ethical Relativism
  • The Best Resolution

A Unique Ethical Issue

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Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business
Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

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Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

Assignment #1: Ethical Dilemmas (15%)

Purpose:
In the first assignment, you have the opportunity to gain an understanding of how to identify different types of ethical dilemmas that occur within business, apply ethical theories to solve dilemmas, and after comparing the results, take a critical stance of determining a theorist who can best address all three dilemmas.

Outcome Met by Completing This Assignment:

  • Identify ethical issues that arise in domestic and global business environments using an understanding of ethical concepts and of legal and business principles
  • Develop and evaluate alternatives to, and recommend solutions for, ethical dilemmas, taking into account ethical and legal requirements and the essential mission of the business enterprise100 % 5 of 5 topics complete
  • Effectively communicate to internal and external business stakeholders the complexities of ethical issues, suggesting and analyzing various solutions in order to ensure appropriate business practices and accountability

NOTE: All submitted work is to be your original work. You may not use any work from another student, the Internet or an online clearinghouse. You are expected to understand the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism Policy, and know that it is your responsibility to learn about instructor and general academic expectations with regard to proper citation of sources as specified in the APA Publication Manual, 6th Ed. (Students are held accountable for in-text citations and an associated reference list only).

Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

Instructions:

Step 1: Create the introductory paragraph.

Within this paragraph, provide a brief overview of the scenario. Then, provide a thesis statement and tell the reader the main topics covered in the paper. The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph of the paper. View this website to learn how to write an introductory paragraph: http://www.writing.ucsb.edu/faculty/donelan/intro.html

Step 2: Read critically and analyze the case scenario under Week 3 Content area.

Step 3: Identify and discuss the three business dilemmas and one personal dilemma presented in the case scenario.

Explain the facts that you have relied upon to make the selection. Use the course material to support your reasoning and conclusions.

Step 4: Identify and discuss the common ethical issues categories to which each of the three business dilemmas belong. Use the course material to support your reasoning and conclusions.

Step 5: State each dilemma in question form and then apply the ethical theories of Kant, Rand, and Bentham to answer the question: How would each of these theorists solve the dilemma? You need only chose one theorist per dilemma but all three theorists must be used in discussing the three dilemmas. Explain in detail how the conclusions were conceived using the class material, the facts from the case scenario, and any additional resources necessary to define the answer.

Step 6: In a final paragraph, compare the results and select one theorist who would best solve all three dilemmas.

Since this last part is reflective of your personal opinion, be sure to support the conclusion with the class material, facts from the case scenario, and a definition of any personal ethical values that influenced the decision process.

Step 7: Proofread the paper for spelling and grammatical issues and third person writing as this assignment requires college-level writing.

  • Use the spell and grammar check in Word as a first measure;
  • Have someone who has excellent English skills to proof the paper;
  • Consider submitting the paper to the Effective Writing Center (EWC). The EWC will provide 4-6 areas that may need improvement.

Step 8: Submit the paper in the Assignment Folder (The assignment submitted to the Assignment Folder will be considered a student’s final product and therefore ready for grading by the instructor. It is incumbent upon the student to verify the assignment is the correct submission. No exceptions will be considered by the instructor).

Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

Preparation for the Assignment

Before you begin writing the assignment, you will read the following requirements that will help you meet the writing and APA requirements. Not reading this information will lead to a lower grade:

  • Read the grading rubric for the assignment. Use the grading rubric while writing the report to ensure all requirements are met that will lead to the highest possible grade.
  • Third person writing is required. Third person means that there are no words such as “I, me, my, we, or us” (first person writing), nor is there use of “you or your” (second person writing). If uncertain how to write in the third person, view this
    link: http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/first-second-and-third-person.
  • Contractions are not used in business writing, so you are expected NOT to use contractions in writing this assignment.
    You are expected to paraphrase and are NOT to use direct quotes. You are expected to paraphrase, which can be learned by reviewing this link: https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/QPA_paraphrase2.html
  • You are responsible for APA only for in-text citations and a reference list.
  • You are expected to use the facts from the case scenario paired with the weekly course readings to develop the analysis and support the reasoning. No more than three (3) external resources can be used in completing the assignment. Books cannot be used as resources for this assignment. The expectation is that you provide a robust use of the course readings.
  • No other books besides the course eBook can be used. When using a source document, the expectation is that the information is cited and referenced with a page or paragraph number.

Identifying Ethical Dilemmas in Business

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Ethical Decision Making by a Corporation

Ethical Decision Making by a Corporation
Ethical Decision Making by a Corporation

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Week 5: Ethical Decision Making by a Corporation

“Being good is good business”
Anita Roddick 1942-, British founder of The Body Shop

Overview:

Week Five focuses on the idea that a business can make an ethical decision and what it takes for them to do so – how ethics works in the organization, how leadership plays into the ethical decision making, and the need for an ethical organizational culture. Also discussed are several of the unique 21st century issues facing business today.

Theme 1: Ethical Organizational Decision Making Can Be Encouraged
Ethical behavior is something that people talk about but if an organization and the people in it are not committed to its importance then it will not succeed.
The theme this week focuses on how we can make businesses create an ethical environment.

Read/View:

Theme 2: Unique Ethical Organizational Issues

Here are several 21st century ethical issues that feature organizational decisions.

Read/View:

  • Genetic Engineering in the Workplace, Read My Genes: Genetic Screening in the Workplace
  • Ethics and Genetics: Susceptibility Testing in the Workplace
  • Privacy Matters
  • Big Chocolate Child Labor
  • What Will a Future Without Secrets Look Like?
  • Apple Failing to Protect Chinese Child Labor
  • Marketing Ethics
  • Marketing to Children: Accepting Responsibility
  • Ethical Marketing – Explore the Strategy of Ethical Marketing
  • Is Business Bluffing Ethical?
  • Getting to the Bottom of the Triple Bottom Line

Ethics and the Triple Bottom Line

Complete:
Participate in Week 5 learning activities

Ethical Decision Making by a Corporation

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Global Ethics Study Assignment

Global Ethics
Global Ethics

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Week 7: Global Ethics

“Always look at things so as to see at the same time what kind of universe this is, and what kind of use everything performs in it, and what value everything has with reference to the whole.”
Marcus Aurelius, Meditations

Theme 1: Moral Universalism
Is it possible that all people have common moral values? The debate over whether it is possible for us all to have core values is still raging among philosophers. If true, many of the business challenges in doing business globally might be solved.

This week we examine the debate and its relevance to doing business internationally.

Read:

Global Ethics

Theme 2: Unique 21st Century Ethical Business Issues

Below are some 21st century ethical issues.

Sub Theme One: Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability

  • Harnessing the Power of Corporate Culture (Developing Leaders for a Sustainable Global Society).
  • Lesson Four: The Ethical Dimension of Sustainability
  • Value-Led Business/Show me the money: How sustainability Creates Revenue at Bloomberg
  • Sub Theme Two: Information Ethics
  • Uber: When Innovation Outpaces the Law
  • Information Ethics (Picking up Where Laws Leave Off)
  • Social Media Changing the Rules of Business Ethics/
  • Ethics in the Provision and Use of IT for Business
  • Teaching Robots to Lie, Cheat, and Deceive

Complete:
Participate in Week 7 learning activities

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Making an Ethical Decision

Making an Ethical Decision
Making an Ethical Decision

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Week 2: Making an Ethical Decision

“Ethics is not definable, is not implementable, because it is not conscious; it involves not only our thinking, but also our feeling.”
Valdemar W. Setzer, Brazilian anthropologist

Overview:

The focus this week is on the skill of making an ethical decision, which begins with a discussion of ethical theories and ends with the application process used in making a decision. Students should be able to understand how the various theories are used to make and evaluate a decision.

Theme 1: The Importance of Ethical Theory to making Ethical Decisions in Business

The study of concepts such as justice, good and evil behavior, moral right and wrong, values and mores have been the fodder of theologists, philosophers and legal scholars for centuries. Understanding some of the major theories will help to answers ethical dilemmas that occur in the workplace today.

Read/View:

Ethical Theory

Ethical Theory: An Overview – Part 1

Ethical Theory: An Overview – Part 2

A Framework for Making Ethical Decisions

A Framework for Thinking Ethically

Utilitarianism

Kant’s Theory

Business Ethics-Ethical Behavior

Theme 2: Determining Ethical Behavior is the Hardest Part of Studying Ethics

Making an Ethical Decision

Determining an ethical answer to an ethical dilemma is difficult for an individual or corporation. Doing so requires a process or mechanism to identify the ethical issue or question and then gain an understanding of ethical theories and/or moral guidelines (e.g. personal or corporate code of ethics) to arrive at functional choices from which a decision can be made. This week, the best way to make an ethical decision and the major categories that ethical dilemmas in business occur are examined.

Read/View:

Ethical Decision Making

Ethical Egoism

Chapter 2 Saylor Business Ethics

Moral Issues Facing Employees

Making the Best “Right” Decision

Complete:

Participate in Week 2 learning activities

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Ethics and Information Security in Reverse Logistics

Ethics and Information Security in Reverse Logistics
Ethics and Information Security in Reverse Logistics

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Ethics and Information Security in Reverse Logistics

Order Instructions:

This paper should be about about Ethics and Information Security in Reverse Logistics and the paper must be between 8 to 10 pages for the content, not counting the title page or the reference page.

•Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.

•APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to APA (6th edition) style and formatting.

•Length of paper: typed, double-spaced pages with no less than 8 pages.

•Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

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Ethical Dilemma Case Study Essay

Ethical Dilemma Case Study
Ethical Dilemma Case Study

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Ethical Dilemma Case Study

Case study 1

• Your company is currently discussing a contract for the construction of solar panels with the Government of Vindalubia. Your company is requested pay a ‘motivation fee’ for the Minister of Energy of Vindalubia in order to facilitate the signature of the contract with the Government of Vindalubia. The CEO of the company asks you to look into this issue. Do you pay the motivation fee? Why? What are the legal aspects you will take into consideration in order to justify your decision? Please draft a document explaining your decision, your argument and the legal reasons for your decision.

Case study 2

Your company signed a contract for the construction of solar panels with the Government of Vindalubia (fictitious state). Your company paid a ‘motivation fee’ for the Minister of Energy of Vindalubia in order to facilitate signature of the contract with the Government of Vindalubia. A few months later, the Government of Vindalubia terminated the contract. The CEO of the company is really concerned about this issue. CEO asks you to look into this issue.

•What should the company do?

• What are the methods of resolving the dispute? Why?

• Please draft a document explaining your decision and the reasons why you propose your answer.

Case study 3

You recently joined your company as the Chief Compliance Officer. The company is a medium sized company based in Riyadh doing business in the construction industry. The CEO of the company is really concerned because the Company does not have a Compliance and Ethics Programme. The Company previously had difficult experiences in negotiating contracts with new clients and subcontractors.

The CEO asks you to propose a new Compliance and Ethics Programme to be discussed at next Board Meeting. The CEO also wants you to make proposals for a Corporate Governance of the company if this can facilitate the setting up of the new Compliance and Ethics Programme.

• Please draft a document detailing your proposed Compliance and Ethics Programme and a new a Corporate Governance structure.

• Explain the reasons for this new programme, the objectives and the legal background.

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Ethical Dilemma Case Study

Case Study 1

The first case presents a scenario where the company is in talks with the government of Vindalubia regarding the contract to construct a number of solar panels. In the course of the discussions, the Minister in the Ministry of Energy requests for payment of a “motivation fee” in order to facilitate the signature that will allow for awarding of the contract with the government in Vindalubia. The discussion below is presented to the company’s CEO as an explanation of whether or not the firm should pay the “motivation fee” requested by the minister, implications of actions, a legal view of the scenario, as well as a recommendation of the decision the firm should make.

The meaning of a “motivation fee”

The Minister, by asking for a “motivation fee”, is asking for something of value to them in exchange for the signature. In this case, the term fee implies something of monetary value i.e. legal tender, is expected to change hands. The sole purpose of the exchange being as a means to influence the Minister of Energy to carry out a given action, whether legal or otherwise. In this regard, therefore, the “motivation fee” is understood to be a bribe to influence the Minister to act in favor of the company by rewarding the tender to construct the solar panels in Vindalubia in exchange for a given amount of money.

Possible decisions and implications

Given the prevailing scenario, as well as the firm being in need of the contract, it is evident a decision is needed. The decision involves a choice of whether or not to present the Minister with the required “motivation fee”. Both choices have implications, and they ought to be addressed prior to making the decision. If the firm chooses to offer the Minister of Energy the requested “motivation fee”, they will outrightly have secured the contract. This, however, at the cost of breaking the law, and, therefore, exposing the firm to possible litigation arising from the illegitimate transaction…..

Case Study 2

The second case represents a scenario where the Government of Vindalubia has awarded the company a contract to construct solar panels. The firm has gone through the required process and signed the contract. However, in a bid to secure the contract, the company paid a “motivation fee” to facilitate the signature to award the contract as requested by the Minister of Energy in Vindalubia.

In spite of the payment of the “motivation fee” as agreed, the Government of Vindalubia terminated the contract a few months later. Below is a discussion that expounds on the scenario, shows a number of methods of solving the arising dispute, provides a legal perspective of the issues in the scenario, and provides recommendations on the choices and implications of the same.

The arising dispute and possible methods of resolving

The prevailing dispute regarding the given scenario between the company and the Minister of Energy in Vindalubia stems from the premature termination of the awarded contract to construct solar panels by the government. The firm may decide to address this dispute in a number of ways. Key among these is the use of contract law. This is the preferred approach proposed to the Chief Executive.

Possible decisions and implications

The use of contract law as proposed to the CEO of the company would suffice as an effective method of addressing the dispute between the company and the government. If the Chief Executive upholds this decision, the firm may choose either to handle the matter amicably between the parties involved out of court or to file a lawsuit. The lawsuit may serve to expose the illegitimate and unethical transaction between both parties involving the payment of a “motivation fee”. On the other hand, the amicable settlement may result in a much better result that favors both parties….

Case Study 3

The third case presents a scenario where the Chief Executive Officer has concerns over the lack of a Compliance and Ethics Program at the firm. The CEO tasks me, as the new Chief Compliance Officer at the company, to propose and develop a new compliance and ethics program for the firm.

Proposal for a new ethics and compliance program

For the most part, the ethics and compliance program is meant to provide general guidance on behavior, ethical standing, and following the prevailing rules. The introductory segment of the ethics and compliance program for the firm stipulates the need and importance of following all rules and regulations outlined in the various company statutes. In addition, the introduction section also outlines the individuals and stakeholders covered by the various codes of ethics and rules of conduct of the firm.

The ethics and compliance program outlines the offices where an aggrieved employee, distributor, supplier, or other stakeholder covered by the relevant rules is supposed to access help and have their concerns addressed. The ethics and compliance program outlines all the necessary laws that are to be adhered to strictly by all. In addition, the ethics and compliance program identifies and classifies all areas covered by the various policies. This allows for easier navigation and access to specific rules as needed.

Some areas of importance in the ethics and compliance program include the outlining of laws and regulations covering intellectual property, privacy, conflicts at the workplace, integrity and dealing fair, provision of equal opportunities, and laws that relate to safety, health, and the environment. These laws will relate to not only the firm, but must also fall within the legal framework established in Riyadh, and other laws that govern the operation of the construction industry in the country.

Proposal for corporate governance

The corporate governance section is meant to provide an overview of the managerial and staff structure of the firm and the roles of each level of authority. In addition, the corporate governance model delimits the communication structure regarding the information flow within the firm. This corporate governance structure ties in to the proposed ethics and compliance program by availing information about the flow of communication from the various managers.

In addition, the corporate governance helps by providing a representation of the various officials where a member of staff in the firm can access help about the various rules and regulations outlined in the ethics and compliance program…..

Ethical Dilemma Case Study

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