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English Literature Annotated Bibliography
ENGLISH COMPOSITION II
Competency 127.1.1: Research – The graduate evaluates the quality, credibility, and relevance of evidence in order to integrate evidence into a final research paper.
Competency 127.1. 2: Writing Process – The graduate applies steps of the writing process appropriately to improve quality of writing.
Task 1: Annotated Bibliography
Introduction:
The first stages of the research writing process involve topic selection, formulation of a research question, preliminary research, and the development of a working thesis statement. Now you will begin identifying and evaluating sources to determine how effectively they can support your argument. If needed, the “Topic Ideas” web link below can be used for selecting your research topic.
For this task, you will create an annotated bibliography by finding 6 sources for your research paper, listing the sources in APA-formatted references, and providing an annotation for each source. Each annotation should offer a summary of the source, an evaluation of its author’s or publisher’s credibility, and an assessment of its relevance to your topic.
English Literature Annotated Bibliography
Requirements:
Your submission must be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if cited correctly. Use the Turnitin Originality Report available in Taskstream as a guide for this measure of originality.
You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.
A. Compose an appropriate, arguable thesis statement that previews two main points and that you plan to use in your research paper.
B. Create an annotated bibliography of six appropriate, credible sources that you plan to use in your research paper.
Note: You may use the attached “Annotated Bibliography Template” to complete your annotated bibliography, but use of the attached template is not required.
1. Provide a full, APA-formatted reference citation for the 6 sources.
2. Provide an annotation (suggested length of 100 words) for each of the 6 sources by doing the following:
Summarize the information presented in the source.
Analyze the credibility of the source’s author or publication, if no author is present.
Analyze the relevance of the source to your chosen research topic.
3. Write each annotation in your own words, without the excessive use of direct quotation or extensive paraphrasing, for the 6 sources from part B.
C. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.
English Literature Annotated Bibliography
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Analytical Annotated Bibliography
One of the assignments for this course is to prepare an annotated bibliography, which will provide practice for the research paper. An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and other documents. Each citation is followed by a descriptive and evaluative annotation (500-750 words).
The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited. Creating an annotated bibliography calls for the application of a variety of intellectual skills, concise exposition, succinct analysis.
Each student will be assigned an article to read and given specific format (descriptive/informative or analytical/critical) to focus on for the assignment. You are expected to utilize the APA format to complete this task. Prior to completing the assignment read the SAMPLE ANNOTATED bibliography located at the end of page and follow the format.
WRITING ANNOTATIONS
An annotation, by nature, is brief; approximately 500-750 words. It summarizes the central theme and scope of the book, article, or report. Examine and review the actual text of the article assigned. Do not confuse “abstracts” with “annotations”. An “abstract” is just descriptive; an annotation” is descriptive and critical.”
First, include one or more sentences that:
State the main idea and argument of the article.
Indicate which format you will utilizing; descriptive/informative or analytical/critical
What is the author(s) methodology – Can you comment on the adequacy of the methods?
Describe the important facts or examples (evidence) that the author uses to support the main idea.
Discuss the author(s) conclusions and whether you think they have adequately supported them.
Explain the theme(s) within the article
You must evaluate the authority or background of the author(s) and comment on the intended audience.
Analytical Annotated Bibliography
Formatting Requirements
APA format; Cite the book, journal article, or document using the reference style.
Single space
Include cover page with your name, date and class information
Group #2- Read this article and focus your format utilizing analytical/critical annotation
Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M. (1985). Masculinity Inhibits Helping in Emergencies: Personalities Does Predict the Bystander Effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49 (2), 420-428.
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Analytical Annotated Bibliography
Tice, D. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (1985). Masculinity Inhibits Helping in Emergencies: Personality Does Predict the Bystander Effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(2), 420 – 428.
The central idea from the article is the role of gender in determining the propensity to offer help in an emergency. The research article also looks into other peripheral factors that may influence the possibility of a bystander to offer help in an emergency. Among these factors, the personality of the individual is of key focus in the study and determination of predicting the bystander effect.
The analysis of the stated article uses a critical and analytical method to decipher the article. The authors of this article use both a descriptive and informative, as well as an analytical approach to the writing of the article. The analytical and critical approach used here provides a review of the cost and benefits of the content, as well as the usefulness of the conclusions to daily living as well as in furthering newer research.
The authors use a methodology of alienation of the subjects under analysis to study their response to an emergency scenario created by the researchers. The Bern Sex Role Inventory test taken by the people to take part in the analysis helped in the ranking of their median scores for masculine and feminine scale. Those selected to participate were provided a situation where they believed they were to help victims of a nuclear disaster by choosing five out of ten individuals that were to access a nuclear shelter.
The participants were led to believe that they were in communication with three other members of their team, although they would only be hearing pre-recorded voices to portray the individual’s supposed team members. Once the individual was allowed to choose their strategy, they would then listen in to the choices of the other team members. After listening to the first two, the third individual would develop a problem where, from the perspective of the respondent who was listening, would be choking on a donut and begin calling for help. The calls for help would subside before the respondent heard a sound resembling that of a person falling to the ground is heard.
The test here in this method is to determine whether the subjects would defy orders not to open the doors. Once the subjects heard the supposed team member choke and fall, some of the respondents were expected to defy the order and rush out to assist the individual who was choking. Given the ranking based on the Bern Sex Role Inventory test conducted earlier, the results of the experiment are used to build a conceptual framework. The framework is used to determine the suit of qualities potent in helping during an emergency…….
Analytical Annotated Bibliography
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Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
Aurora, B.-B. C. (2013). The Cost of Production under Direct Costing and Absorption Costing: A Comparative Approach. Annals of the “Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, 2, 123-129.
The author of this article stresses on the importance of managerial accounting with regards to balancing production costs and pricing of finished products in a company’s strategic management, especially to help managers in optimizing their decisions particularly those concerning operating activities. The emphasis of the author is focused on the role of managerial accounting in calculating costs (both fixed and variable), measurement of inventory costs as well as prices and prices of services and products.
As a result, the system of cost calculation is prioritized in this article because it tends to vary on basis of the type of costs assigned to items and according to the costing theory two main systems of cost calculation adopted are: full cost accounting, which comprise of all production costs, and partial cost accounting comprising of variable costs that vary with output.
Hence, considering that full as well as partial costing in production in terms of fixed and variable costs play a crucial role in determining the prices of finished products, this article provides valuable insights on how the balance between costing and pricing can be effectively achieved. The author outlines a comparative approach with regards to the differences between cost of production calculation under absorption costing and direct costing. This article further examines the impact of utilizing each of these systems of calculation on companies’ financial performance as well as financial position with regards to reported income statement and financial position statement.
Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
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This article concludes by discussing the benefits of direct costing use in manufacturing companies for their internal reporting, bearing in mind that this method of costing is unacceptable for external reports that are presented to shareholders as well as other external uses. However, direct costing method is very important for companies to appropriately make production decisions. The article also fits very into Lipman Bottle Company case because of the insightful information it can provide to the company management to solve its production dilemma and settle on the most appropriate and profitable production mix based on informed decisions.
Banker, R. D. & Hansen, S. C. (2002). The Adequacy of Full-Cost-Based Pricing Heuristics. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 14, 33-58.
Authors of this article base their discussion on performance investigation of a full-cost heuristic within a service setting focusing on costs involved in providing a service eventually influence the pricing of such services. Based on the full-cost heuristic model, authors of this article state that service companies periodically determines the extent of capacity, prices as well as price discounts. In the context of price, the article examines a scenario of a stochastic number of customers placing orders for a service and reports that when in a certain period there are too many orders; a service company offers price discounts to customers willing to come back for the same service later.
The authors of this article further examines how closely a company’s optimal performance can be approximated using two heuristic approaches that are distinct such as full-cost pricing heuristic and modified full-cost pricing heuristic. The results of the analysis full-cost pricing is the best-performing heuristic when conducted upon a program towards firm’s optimization on basis of constrained version in which prices are set using full costs in addition to adjustments on basis of nonlinear elasticity demand.
However, the article also suggests that in settings where pricing choices and capacity choices are made before and after demand information respectively, modified full-cost heuristic may be perform relatively well but not for long before it starts to deviate. These pricing models are highly applicable to the Lipman Bottle Company situation since the company needs to determine it optimal performance by setting prices of products based on its capacity, full cost of production and demand meaning that full-cost pricing heuristic would be highly effective to optimize the company’s performance.
Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
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Ghaemi, M. H. & Nematollahi, M. (2012). Study on the Behavior of Materials, Labor, and Overhead Costs in Manufacturing Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(1), 19-24.
The authors of this article examines the relationship between sales income and production expenses by analyzing income statements information for Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies over a period of four years ranging from 2000 to 2003 and subsequently evaluate costs stickiness. In this article costs stickiness is used to refer to a situation where increasing production activities result to faster increasing of costs compared to how decreasing production activities result to decreasing of costs.
The results of the study reported in this article show that overhead costs are sticky but direct labor costs as well as raw material costs are not sticky. This means effective management of overhead costs by production companies can significantly reduce operational costs hence directly influencing product prices as well as overall company profitability. Thus, Lipman Bottle Company can utilize the findings reported in this article to reduce its production costs, which is critical in eventually determining pricing, sale revenues and profits.
Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
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Kimes, S. E. (2010). Strategic pricing through revenue management [Electronic version]. Retrieved [24th November 2015], from Cornell University, School of Hospitality Administration site: http://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/articles/346
The author of this article examines the importance of revenue management towards strategic pricing, especially in manufacturing industries where capacity of inventory is relatively fixed and cost of production is characterized by low variable costs and high fixed costs. This article reports that in industries where revenue management is used, revenue increases are typically reported. The insights provided in this article are highly applicable to Lipman Bottle Company where pricing of finished products can be strategically done through revenue management.
Bibliography
Aurora, B.-B. C. (2013). The Cost of Production under Direct Costing and Absorption Costing: A Comparative Approach. Annals of the “Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, 2, 123-129.
Banker, R. D. & Hansen, S. C. (2002). The Adequacy of Full-Cost-Based Pricing Heuristics. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 14, 33-58.
Ghaemi, M. H. & Nematollahi, M. (2012). Study on the Behavior of Materials, Labor, and Overhead Costs in Manufacturing Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(1), 19-24.
Kimes, S. E. (2010). Strategic pricing through revenue management [Electronic version]. Retrieved [24th November 2015], from Cornell University, School of Hospitality Administration site: http://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/articles/346
Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
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