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Migraine
Migraine occurs at all ages, but it is most common in the 3rd -5th decades of life. The prevalence rates are higher between 20-55 years, and peaks at age 40. Migraine is inherited. Most people suffering from migraines usually have family members that have them too. Research indicates that if one of parents suffers from migraines, there is a 50% chance that the child will suffer from migraines. If both patients suffer, the probability that the child will suffer from migraines increases to 75% (Bolay and Ertas, 2012).
The discussion explored the various types of headaches including rebound headaches and tension type of headache. The emerging theme from this discussion is the need to conduct complete history and physical assessments to rule out other causes of headaches. This includes the use of CT and EEG, their importance during diagnosis and monitoring disease progression.
However, these diagnostic tests should be conducted only if health assessments dictate so. It has been reported that headaches with aura increases a person’s risk factor for stroke. Therefore, it is important to assess patient risk to ischemic stroke, especially on women under hormonal replacement therapy and birth control tablets (Lampl et al., 2014).
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Most contributions on triggers have been mentioned. This includes fasting, stress, worry, menstrual periods, fatigue, head trauma, birth control pills, physical inactiveness, lack of sleep, hunger, and certain foods or drinks especially those that contain nitrites, tyramine, glutamate, and aspartate. Certain medications and chemicals substances have been found to trigger headaches, including estrogens, perfumes, nitroglycerin, hydralazine, and organic solvents with a strong (Rana et al., 2014).
The issue on treatment was also discussed. The main preventive strategies are lifestyle modification. NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac are more effective as compared to aspirin or paracetamol. However, Triptans and Excedrin are more efficient for treating acute head attacks. Propranolol can also be prescribed if no contraindications are noted. Botox medications are effective for treating chronic migraines; usually used when all other treatment regimen is unsuccessful (Jackson, Kuriyama, & Hayashino, 2012).
References
Bolay, H., & Ertas, M. (2012). Advances in migraine treatment. International Journal of Clinical Reviews.
Lampl, C., Jensen, R., Martelletti, P., & Mitsikostas, D. (2014). Refractory headache: One term does not cover all – A statement of the european headache federation. The Journal of Headache and Pain, 15(1), 1-2. doi:10.1186/1129-2377-15-50
Jackson, J. L., Kuriyama, A., & Hayashino, Y. (2012). Botulinum Toxin A for Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine and Tension Headaches in Adults. The Jouranl of American Medicine, 307(16), 1736-1745. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.505.
Rana, A. Q., Saeed, U., Khan, O. A., Qureshi, A. R. M., & Paul, D. (2014). Giant cell arteritis or tension-type headache?: A differential diagnostic dilemma. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 5(4), 409-411. doi:10.4103/0976-3147.140005
Donnet, A., Daniel, C., Milandre, L., Berbis, J., & Auquier, P. (2012). Migraine with aura in patients over 50 years of age: The marseille’s registry. Journal of Neurology, 259(9), 1868-73. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-012-6423-8
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